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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Bachelor thesis . 2024
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Ejercicio físico durante el embarazo gemelar: revisión bibliográfica

Authors: Granado Hermoso, Noemí;

Ejercicio físico durante el embarazo gemelar: revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

Introducción; Los embarazos gemelares han aumentado en las últimas décadas. Esta población tiene mayores cambios biomecánicos y fisiológicos, además de un mayor riesgo de sufrir complicaciones, por lo que existe un alto número de prescripciones de reposo absoluto, a pesar de la falta de evidencia científica. Sin embargo, sí existe evidencia de los numerosos beneficios del ejercicio físico en embarazos únicos. Métodos; Se ha realizado una revisión sistemática consultando las bases de datos Pubmed, Scopus y SPORTDiscus, a partir de 2013 y con una muestra mínima de 25 mujeres con embarazo gemelar o múltiple. Se ha evaluado la calidad metodológica con la Lista de verificación de Downs y Black (1998) y se incluyen 4 artículos. Resultados; Reciben información limitada sobre la realización de ejercicio físico y aproximadamente a la mitad se les recomienda restringir sus niveles de actividad física o reposo en cama, hay una disminución gradual de la actividad física a lo largo de los trimestres, por lo que pocas mujeres cumplen con las recomendaciones de ejercicio físico durante su embarazo. Las principales barreras son los síntomas físicos y la preocupación por el feto. Caminar, nadar, gimnasio en casa, entrenamiento con pelota, estiramientos y yoga son las principales actividades realizadas. Conclusiones; Existe una falta de trabajos intervencionistas, por lo que no suelen encontrar fuentes fiables de información y muchas mujeres reducen su actividad por miedo. Existen barreras médicas, físicas y psicosociales para permanecer activa en el embarazo multifetal. Es necesaria más investigación para poder asesorar y guiar a las mujeres en la frecuencia, volumen o densidad del entrenamiento aeróbico y, sobre todo, de fuerza.

Background; Twin pregnancies have increased in recent decades. This population has greater biomechanical and physiological changes in addition to a greater risk of suffering complications, which is why there is a high number of prescriptions to restrict or cease physical activity, despite the lack of scientific evidence. However, there is evidence of the numerous benefits of physical exercise in singleton pregnancies. Methods; A systematic review has been carried out consulting the Pubmed, Scopus and SPORTDiscus databases, starting in 2013 and with a minimum sample of 25 women with twin or multiple pregnancies. The methodological quality has been evaluated with the Downs and Black (1998) Checklist and 4 articles are included. Results; They receive limited information about physical exercise and approximately half are recommended to restrict their levels of physical activity or bed rest, there is a gradual decrease in physical activity throughout the trimesters, so few women comply with physical exercise recommendations during their pregnancy. The main barriers are physical symptoms and concern for the fetus. Walking, swimming, home gym, ball training, stretching and yoga are the main activities carried out. Conclusions; There is a lack of interventional work, so they do not usually find reliable sources of information and many women reduce their activity out of fear. There are medical, physical and psychosocial barriers to remaining active in multifetal pregnancy. More research is needed to advise and guide women on the frequency, volume or density of endurance training and, above all, strength training.

Keywords

embarazo gemelar, gestación multifetal, CDU::7 - Bellas artes::79 - Diversiones. Espectáculos. Cine. Teatro. Danza. Juegos.Deportes, exercise, twin gestation, physical activity, ejercicio físico, gestación gemelar, actividad física, twin pregnancy, multifetal gestation

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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Green