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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Bachelor thesis . 2023
License: CC BY NC ND
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Actualización sobre nuevas sustancias psicoactivas: cannabinoides sintéticos

Authors: Agustí Calpe, Luna;

Actualización sobre nuevas sustancias psicoactivas: cannabinoides sintéticos

Abstract

El consumo de nuevas sustancias psicoactivas (NSP) protagoniza muchos de los escenarios clínico asistenciales y los profesionales sanitarios, al igual que el resto de la población, tienen escasos conocimientos sobre ellas. Los cannabinoides sintéticos (CS), más conocidos como “Spice”, son sustancias químicamente heterogéneas creadas para reemplazar al cannabis por su ausencia en las pruebas diagnósticas convencionales, su fácil acceso, bajo coste e intensos efectos. Esto ha provocado que su consumo sea objeto de preocupación por parte de las autoridades sanitarias por su probable peligrosidad para la salud pública. Los cannabinoides sintéticos pertenecen al grupo de NSP más consumidas a nivel mundial y su consumo provoca efectos fisiológicos y psicoactivos similares al THC, pero con una mayor potencia, dando lugar a urgencias médicas y psiquiátricas. En humanos, los efectos adversos más frecuentes incluyen taquicardia, ansiedad, agitación y náuseas, entre otros. No obstante, muchos artículos describen complicaciones de mayor gravedad como paranoia, alucinaciones, psicosis, infarto agudo de miocardio, convulsiones, daño renal e incluso muerte. Según las estadísticas, la prevalencia de consumo de Spice en España es relativamente inferior en comparación con otros países europeos y EEUU, coincidiendo en que los jóvenes varones entre 24-35 años presentan la mayor prevalencia.

The use of new psychoactive substances NPS) are at the forefront of many clinical and healthcare scenarios, yet healthcare professionals, like the general population, have limited knowledge about them. Synthetic cannabinoids (SC), commonly known as “Spice”, are chemically heterogeneous substances created to replace cannabis due to the lack of conventional diagnostic tests, easy access, low cost and intense effects. This has resulted in the consumption of these substances becoming a subject of concern for health authorities due to their potential danger to public health. Synthetic cannabinoids belong to the group of the most widely consumed NPS worldwide, and their usage causes physiological and psychoactive effects similar to THC, but with greater potency, leading to medical and psychiatric emergencies. The most frequent adverse effects in human beings include tachycardia, anxiety, agitation and nausea, among others. Nevertheless, many articles describe more severe complications such as paranoia, hallucinations, psychosis, acute myocardial infarction, seizures, renal damage, and even death. According to statistics, the prevalence of Spice consumption in Spain is relatively lower in comparison with other European countries and the United States, with young males between 24-35 years old presenting the highest prevalence.

Keywords

síntomas, intoxicación, spice, sustancias psicoactivas, cannabinoides sintéticos, CDU::6 - Ciencias aplicadas::61 - Medicina, efectos de consumo

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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Average
Green