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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Bachelor thesis . 2023
License: CC BY NC ND
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Factores Predictores, Medidas de Afrontamiento y Factores Protectores del Suicidio Policial: una Revisión Sistemática

Authors: Luque Rísquez, Daniel;

Factores Predictores, Medidas de Afrontamiento y Factores Protectores del Suicidio Policial: una Revisión Sistemática

Abstract

El trabajo de las fuerzas y cuerpos de seguridad es una profesión de alto riesgo con situaciones muy estresantes, que puede conllevar problemas de salud mental e ideación suicida. Se ha estimado que la tasa de suicidios en los cuerpos policiales es superior a la de la población civil. Los objetivos en este trabajo han sido tres: 1) Determinar la existencia de evidencias que avalen una mayor incidencia de las conductas suicidas entre los agentes policiales y la población general. 2) Identificar los factores de riesgo asociados a los cuerpos policiales que pueden influir directamente en la ideación suicida o su conducta. 3) Determinar posibles factores protectores y estrategias de afrontación para evitar el suicidio. Se ha realizado una revisión sistemática siguiendo las directrices PRISMA de los estudios empíricos encontrados en las bases de datos ProQuest, PubMed y ScienceDirect, incluyendo un total de 24 estudios. Los resultados han mostrado que los agentes policiales tienen mayor riesgo de ideación y conducta suicida que la población general y menor esperanza de vida que ésta. En cuanto a los factores predictores, la conducta suicida es compleja y multicausal en la que podemos encontrar factores personales, familiares, laborales, sociales, psicológicos o individuales, predominando el estrés organizacional, no pedir ayuda externa, el haberlo intentado anteriormente, las relaciones familiares, la depresión y el TEPT. Respecto a las estrategias de afrontación y factores protectores, las estrategias activas son las más adecuadas para hacer frente a la situación conflictiva y evitar la conducta suicida, destacando la extraversión, la reinterpretación positiva, la amabilidad, la planificación de acciones para solucionar problemas, el control afectivo, la resiliencia, las buenas relaciones familiares, laborales, el apoyo social y el apoyo organizacional. The work of security forces is a high-risk profession with very stressful situations, which can lead to mental health problems and suicidal behavior. It has been estimated that the suicide rate in police forces is higher than in civilian population. The goals in this research have been: 1) Determine the existence of evidence that supports a higher incidence of suicidal behavior among police officers and general population. 2) Identify the risk factors associated with security forces that can directly influence suicidal behavior. 3) Determine possible protective factors and strategies to avoid suicide. A systematic review has been carried out following the PRISMA guidelines of the empirical studies found in the databases of ProQuest, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, including a total of 24 studies. The results have shown that police officers have a higher risk of suicidal behavior than the general population and lower hope of life than these. Regarding predictive factors, suicidal behavior is complex and multicausal in which we can find personal factors, family, work, social, psychological or individual, predominating the organizational stress, not asking for outside help, having tried previously, family relationships, depression and PTSD. Regarding coping strategies and protective factors, active strategies are the most appropriate to deal with this situation and avoid the suicidal behavior, highlighting extraversion, positive reinterpretation, kindness, action planning to solve problems, affective control, resilience, good family and work relationships, social support and organizational support.

Keywords

CDU::3 - Ciencias sociales::34 - Derecho::343 - Derecho penal. Delitos, estrés, factores protectores, depresión, ideación suicida, factores de riesgo, Suicidio policial

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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