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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Bachelor thesis . 2022
License: CC BY NC ND
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Reforma de la legislación civil y procesal en materia de discapacidad

Authors: Tomás Tomás, Beatriz;

Reforma de la legislación civil y procesal en materia de discapacidad

Abstract

La Convención Internacional sobre los derechos de las personas con discapacidad, ratificada por España en el año 2008, supone un nuevo paso hacia la consecución de la plena igualdad en el ejercicio de los derechos fundamentales de las personas con discapacidad, introduciendo una nueva perspectiva en el modo de abordar la discapacidad basada en el modelo social. Bajo este modelo, la Convención establece un trascendental cambio de paradigma con respecto a la regulación de la capacidad jurídica, entendiéndola como la plena capacidad para el ejercicio de los derechos fundamentales y de la autonomía de la libertad individual de las personas con discapacidad, estableciendo también los mecanismos necesarios para garantizar la toma de decisiones mediante un sistema de apoyos. Este trabajo se centra en primer lugar, en el análisis de la legislación española en materia de discapacidad y de la adaptación del ordenamiento jurídico español a los principios de la Convención en el cual primaba un sistema de sustitución en la toma de decisiones de las personas con discapacidad con la posibilidad de acudir a un procedimiento de determinación de la capacidad de obrar donde se determine el órgano tutelar que más se ajuste a la necesidad de cada persona. Dicha legislación se recoge fundamentalmente en nuestro decimonónico Código Civil, que, si bien ha sido objeto de numerosas reformas a lo largo de los años, precisaba de una reforma integral para su adecuación a las normas de la Convención que no se ha dado hasta la reciente reforma con la aprobación de la Ley 8/2021, de 2 de junio, por la que se reforma legislación civil y procesal para el apoyo a las personas con discapacidad en el ejercicio de su capacidad jurídica, la cual una vez entre en vigor, trate de dar cobertura a todas las situaciones de vulnerabilidad de las personas con discapacidad mediante una normativa aplicable acorde, por fin, a los principios de la Convención.

The International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, ratified by Spain in 2008, represents a new step towards achieving full equality in the exercise of the fundamental rights of persons with disabilities, introducing a new perspective in the way of approaching disability based on the social model. Under this model, the Convention establishes a transcendental paradigm shift regarding the regulation of legal capacity, understanding it as the full capacity to exercise fundamental rights and the autonomy of individual freedom of people with disabilities, also establishing the necessary mechanisms to guarantee decision-making through a support system. This work deals firstly with the analysis of Spanish legislation on disability and the adaptation of the Spanish legal system to the principles of the Convention. In the Spanish legislation, a substitution system prevailed in people's decision-making through a procedure for determining the capacity to act. This legislation is fundamentally included in our nineteenth-century Civil Code, which, despite having been amended over the years, required a comprehensive reform to bring it into line with the provisions of the Convention. The reform Law, Law 8/2021, of June 2, has recently been approved, which reforms civil and procedural legislation to support people with disabilities in the exercise of their legal capacity. When it comes into force, it will cover all situations of vulnerability of people with disabilities through applicable regulations in accordance, finally, with the principles of the Convention.

Keywords

alternativas, discapacidad, incapacitation, incapacitación, igualdad, Convención Nueva York, disability, CDU::3 - Ciencias sociales::34 - Derecho, New York Convention, equality, capacidad jurídica, alternatives, legal capacity

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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