Indigenous Peoples and local communities (IPLCs) are often depicted as highly vulnerable to the environmental and human impacts of anthropogenic climate change. At the same time, they are increasingly recognized as prominent contributors toward global efforts to combat climate change. In particular, their intergenerational, place-based knowledge systems contain much valuable information about climate variability and local environments, and collectively their trove of knowledge and know-how constitutes a strategic resource for developing more effective climate assessment, mitigation, and adaptation capabilities. This report examines the interconnections between indigenous and local knowledge (ILK) and climate change for policy and practice purposes. It looks at how ILK can contribute to strategies for dealing with anthropogenic climate change and its impacts, and how such changes may exert influences on the utility and vitality of ILK systems moving forward.