Uruguay
Uruguay
As a small economy, Uruguay’s growth and poverty reduction prospects are closely related to its performance in international markets. This report analyzes export dynamics in Uruguay over the period 2000-2013, benchmarking them against relevant comparator countries. It looks at export outcomes through four different dimensions of export performance: (1) the evolution, composition, and growth orientation of the country’s export basket; (2) the degree of diversification across products and markets; (3) the level of sophistication and quality; and (4) the survival rate of export relationships. The report offers a number of hypotheses for an in-depth competitiveness diagnostic of Uruguay’s external sector, as well as policy recommendations to increase integration and to gain from it. In addition to the real depreciation of the peso that followed the crisis, the international prices of Uruguay’s main export products soared. This stimulated investment in technological improvements in the production of these natural-resource-intensive products. Section one analyzes the macroeconomic environment in which exporters operate in Uruguay during the period of analysis. Section two looks at level, growth, composition, and market share performance of Uruguay’s exports, as well as the country’s main trading destinations. Section three focuses on the diversification of products and markets, considering several measures of concentration, including the share of top five products and markets in exports, and the Hirschman-Herfindahl index for Uruguay’s export portfolio. Sections four and five address quality and sophistication and survival, respectively.
- World Bank United States
TRADE LIBERALIZATION, ECONOMIC LAW, MARKET ACCESS, INVESTMENT, VALUE ADDED, ECONOMIC GROWTH, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, EXCHANGE RATES, TARIFF BARRIERS, INFLATION, POTENTIAL OUTPUT, EXPORT MARKETS, DOMESTIC MARKET, LAGS, INCOME, INVESTMENTS, OUTCOMES, EXPORT GROWTH, PRODUCTIVITY, FEASIBILITY STUDIES, FINANCIAL CRISIS, STOCK, COMPETITIVENESS, INCENTIVES, PRODUCTION COSTS, PER CAPITA INCOME, SHARES, DISTRIBUTION, COMMON MARKET, EXTERNALITY, GOODS, AVERAGING, PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES, TRADE POLICY, WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, 330, PRICE INCREASES, FINANCIAL MARKETS, MERCHANDISE, EXPORT MARKET, WORLD MARKETS, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, POSITIVE EXTERNALITY, DEMAND GROWTH, MARKETS, SURPLUSES, DEVELOPMENT, MACROECONOMIC CONTEXT, BUSINESS CYCLES, INTERNATIONAL MARKETS, PRICES, WAGES, TRADE DEFICIT, PURCHASING POWER, DEVALUATION, WELFARE, PRODUCTION, LABOR MARKET, WORLD MARKET, MONETARY POLICY, SUPPLIER, ELASTICITY, PURCHASING, STRUCTURAL CHANGE, GDP PER CAPITA, LIQUIDITY, THEORY, TRENDS, DEBT, INCOME LEVELS, MOV, PRODUCTS, TRADE, TRADE FAIRS, MARKET, SUPPLY, EXPECTED VALUE, TRADE POLICIES, PAYMENTS, COMMODITY PRICE, PER CAPITA INCOMES, MULTILATERAL TRADE, COSTS, MERCHANDISE EXPORT, CENTRAL BANK, DIRECT VALUE, AGRICULTURE, FREE TRADE, DEMAND, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, CONSUMERS, ECONOMIC INTEGRATION, SURPLUS, WTO, PRODUCT, GDP, VARIABLES, ACCESS TO MARKETS, TRADE BALANCE, MACROECONOMIC STABILITY, EXCHANGE, TAXATION, VALUE, EXPORTS, FAIRS, POSITIVE EFFECTS, AGGREGATE DEMAND, BENCHMARK, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, OVERVALUATION, BENCHMARKS, DECENTRALIZATION, SUPPLIERS, FISCAL POLICY, MERCHANDISE EXPORTS, PRICE, MARKETPLACE, BILATERAL TRADE, ECONOMY, GROSS VALUE, PRICE VOLATILITY, REAL EXCHANGE RATES, CREDIT, FIXED COSTS, EXPENDITURES, COMMODITY PRICES, GROWTH RATE, SUPPLY CHAINS, REAL GDP, MARKET SHARE, MERCHANDISE TRADE, FISCAL POLICIES, ECONOMIC SIZE, EXPECTATIONS, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT PER CAPITA, RISK AVERSE, TRADE DIVERSION, COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE, INPUTS, ITC, NATURAL RESOURCES, UNDERVALUATION, INTEREST RATE, TRADE COMPETITIVENESS, VOLATILITY, BENCHMARKING, EXPENDITURE
TRADE LIBERALIZATION, ECONOMIC LAW, MARKET ACCESS, INVESTMENT, VALUE ADDED, ECONOMIC GROWTH, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, EXCHANGE RATES, TARIFF BARRIERS, INFLATION, POTENTIAL OUTPUT, EXPORT MARKETS, DOMESTIC MARKET, LAGS, INCOME, INVESTMENTS, OUTCOMES, EXPORT GROWTH, PRODUCTIVITY, FEASIBILITY STUDIES, FINANCIAL CRISIS, STOCK, COMPETITIVENESS, INCENTIVES, PRODUCTION COSTS, PER CAPITA INCOME, SHARES, DISTRIBUTION, COMMON MARKET, EXTERNALITY, GOODS, AVERAGING, PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES, TRADE POLICY, WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, 330, PRICE INCREASES, FINANCIAL MARKETS, MERCHANDISE, EXPORT MARKET, WORLD MARKETS, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, POSITIVE EXTERNALITY, DEMAND GROWTH, MARKETS, SURPLUSES, DEVELOPMENT, MACROECONOMIC CONTEXT, BUSINESS CYCLES, INTERNATIONAL MARKETS, PRICES, WAGES, TRADE DEFICIT, PURCHASING POWER, DEVALUATION, WELFARE, PRODUCTION, LABOR MARKET, WORLD MARKET, MONETARY POLICY, SUPPLIER, ELASTICITY, PURCHASING, STRUCTURAL CHANGE, GDP PER CAPITA, LIQUIDITY, THEORY, TRENDS, DEBT, INCOME LEVELS, MOV, PRODUCTS, TRADE, TRADE FAIRS, MARKET, SUPPLY, EXPECTED VALUE, TRADE POLICIES, PAYMENTS, COMMODITY PRICE, PER CAPITA INCOMES, MULTILATERAL TRADE, COSTS, MERCHANDISE EXPORT, CENTRAL BANK, DIRECT VALUE, AGRICULTURE, FREE TRADE, DEMAND, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, CONSUMERS, ECONOMIC INTEGRATION, SURPLUS, WTO, PRODUCT, GDP, VARIABLES, ACCESS TO MARKETS, TRADE BALANCE, MACROECONOMIC STABILITY, EXCHANGE, TAXATION, VALUE, EXPORTS, FAIRS, POSITIVE EFFECTS, AGGREGATE DEMAND, BENCHMARK, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, OVERVALUATION, BENCHMARKS, DECENTRALIZATION, SUPPLIERS, FISCAL POLICY, MERCHANDISE EXPORTS, PRICE, MARKETPLACE, BILATERAL TRADE, ECONOMY, GROSS VALUE, PRICE VOLATILITY, REAL EXCHANGE RATES, CREDIT, FIXED COSTS, EXPENDITURES, COMMODITY PRICES, GROWTH RATE, SUPPLY CHAINS, REAL GDP, MARKET SHARE, MERCHANDISE TRADE, FISCAL POLICIES, ECONOMIC SIZE, EXPECTATIONS, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT PER CAPITA, RISK AVERSE, TRADE DIVERSION, COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE, INPUTS, ITC, NATURAL RESOURCES, UNDERVALUATION, INTEREST RATE, TRADE COMPETITIVENESS, VOLATILITY, BENCHMARKING, EXPENDITURE
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