
handle: 10983/29748
La mayoría de las aeronaves se adquieren mediante contratos de leasing, y la carga financiera recae en el arrendador debido a su financiación de equipos pesados para el arrendatario en estos contratos. Por lo tanto, para garantizar que el arrendatario cumpla con el pago del arrendamiento al arrendador, se redacta en el contrato una cláusula “contra viento y marea”. Esto obliga al pago por parte del arrendatario independientemente de cualquier cambio circunstancial que les dificulte el pago. Sin embargo, debido a la pandemia, las compañías aéreas han sufrido una grave escasez de efectivo que les dificulta el cumplimiento de sus próximas obligaciones contractuales. Las compañías aéreas están debatiendo la posibilidad de invocar la fuerza mayor en estos contratos para excusar el incumplimiento y evitar daños y perjuicios; no obstante, teniendo en cuenta los desarrollos en Derecho Aéreo Internacional Privado y la naturaleza del contrato, será difícil tomar tales medidas. Este documento propone aplicar la onerosidad excesiva codificada en los Principios de Unidroit sobre Contratos Comerciales Internacionales para que las compañías aéreas puedan renegociar el contrato con los arrendadores en lugar de eludir completamente su obligación contractual. Esto proporcionará un respiro al arrendatario y también garantizará que su obligación hacia el arrendador se mantenga durante la pandemia.
The majority of aircraft are acquired through leasing agreements, and the financial burden is on the lessor due to their financing of heavy equipment for the lessee in these agreements. Therefore, to ensure that the lessee fulfills their lease payment to the lessor, a “hell or high-water” clause is drafted in the contract. This enforces payment by the lessee regardless of any circumstantial changes that might make it difficult for them to pay. However, due to the pandemic, airlines have suffered from a severe cash crunch making it difficult for them to honor their upcoming contractual obligations. Airline companies are debating whether to invoke force majeure in these contracts to excuse non- performance and avoid damages; nevertheless, considering developments in Private International AirLaw and the nature of the contract, taking such measures will be difficult. This paper proposes to apply the hardship clause codified in the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts so that airlines can renegotiate the contract with their lessors instead of completely avoiding their contractual obligation. This will provide breathing space for the lessee, while ensuring that their obligation towards the lessor is maintained during the pandemic.
Cláusula “contra viento y marea”, Generosidad excesiva, Contra todas as probabilidades, Onerosidade excessiva, Renegociação, Renegotiation, Fuerza mayor, Aircraft Leasing Agreement, Contrato de arrendamiento de aeronaves, Incumplimiento, Renegociación, Hardship, Force Majeure, Hell or High-water clause, Força maior, Non-performance, Descumprimento
Cláusula “contra viento y marea”, Generosidad excesiva, Contra todas as probabilidades, Onerosidade excessiva, Renegociação, Renegotiation, Fuerza mayor, Aircraft Leasing Agreement, Contrato de arrendamiento de aeronaves, Incumplimiento, Renegociación, Hardship, Force Majeure, Hell or High-water clause, Força maior, Non-performance, Descumprimento
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