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Determinación de los niveles de contaminantes emergentes en aceites vegetales

Authors: Parras Armenteros, Juan;

Determinación de los niveles de contaminantes emergentes en aceites vegetales

Abstract

En este Trabajo Fin de Grado se ha desarrollado la validación de un método analítico para la determinación en grasas y aceites de 3-monocloropropanodiol y glicidol, dos contaminantes clasificados como cancerígenos por la Agencia Internacional para la Investigación sobre el Cáncer. En los últimos años ha habido un creciente interés por el estudio de estos compuestos ya que, aunque inicialmente se encontraron en proteína vegetal hidrolizada y salsa de soja, más tarde se han detectado en alimentos de consumo habitual tales como pan, café, aceites, grasas, bollería, carnes y pescados cocinados, etc. De hecho, la Unión Europea emitió recientemente una Recomendación a los Estados Miembros acerca de la necesidad de evaluar los niveles de concentración de estos contaminantes en determinados alimentos, así como desarrollar nuevos métodos de análisis para su determinación y mejorar los ya propuestos en bibliografía. La finalidad de ello es la de establecer posiblemente en el futuro concentraciones máximas tolerables de estos compuestos en diferentes alimentos, a fin de proteger la salud de los consumidores europeos. Los métodos de análisis propuestos en bibliografía para la determinación de estos contaminantes son complicados y presentan numerosos inconvenientes, debido especialmente a la posibilidad de interconversión de unos compuestos en otros a lo largo de su desarrollo. Esto hace necesario un estricto control de las diferentes variables de trabajo a fin de obtener resultados veraces y reproducibles. En este Trabajo se ha partido de uno de los métodos propuestos recientemente en bibliografía, basado en la técnica Cromatografía de Gases-Espectrometría de Masas, y se ha introducido una importante innovación al trabajar en modo Masas-Masas con trampa iónica. El método ha sido aplicado al estudio de los niveles de concentración de 3-monocloropropanodiol y glicidol en aceites vegetales y productos derivados, mostrando así su aplicabilidad.

The aim of this final Project is to develop the validation of an analytical method in order to evaluate in fats and oils bound 3-monochloropropanediol and glycidol. Both are two contaminants which have been classified as carcinogenic by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. In recent years, the interest of the study about this subject has been increased. Firstly, these compounds were found just in hydrolyzed vegetable protein and soy sauce. However, nowadays they have been detected in wide range of food such as: bread, coffee, oil, grease, pastries, meats and fish, and so on. Indeed, the European Union issued a Recommendation to Member States about the need to assess the concentration levels of these contaminants in certain foods, as well as to develop new analytical methods for their determination and to improve those already proposed in the bibliography. Probably the objective will be to establish the maximum tolerable concentrations of these compounds in different foods in order to protect the health of European consumers. Analytical methods proposed are ambiguous and have many disadvantages, due to the possibility of interconversion of compounds along the method. Strict control of different variables is required in order to obtain trustworthy result. This Project is based on one of the methods proposed in bibliography, based on the Gas chromatography- Mass Spectrometry technique. An important innovation has been introduced since Mass-Mass mode with ion trap has been the working mode used. The method has been applied in the study of 3-monochloropropanediol and glycidol concentrations in vegetable fats and derivatives products, demonstrating its applicability.

Keywords

2301, Mass Spectroscopy, Química Analítica, Espectroscopía de masas, 23103, 21110, Analytical chemistry, Análisis cromatográfico, Chromatrographic Analysis

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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