
handle: 10953.1/10381
La salinización de los suelos es un problema para la producción agrícola. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar distintas técnicas encaminadas a la obtención de plantas de interés agrícola tolerantes a la salinidad. Los estudios presentados se han realizado con trigo, tomate y soja. En trigo, la obtención de un anfiploide por cruce con Hordeum marinum, planta tolerante a la salinidad, mejoró el crecimiento de la planta y descendió la acumulación de Na+ y c1- en hoja. En tomate transgénico con el gen HAL 1; el estudio in vitro de callos transgénicos mostró que el crecimiento se incrementó cuando se desarrollaron en medio salino, mientras que en callos no transgénicos este se inhibió. En plantas de soja el pretratamiento de las semillas con glicina betaína (GB) disminuyó la peroxidación lipídica, favoreció la acumulación de prolina y aumentó la actividad de las enzimas antioxidantes (CAT, SOD APX).
The salinization of soils is a problem for agricultura! production. The objective of this work is to evaluate different techniques aimed at obtaining plants of agricultura! interest tolerant to salinity. The studies have been conducted with wheat, tomato and soybeans. In wheat, the obtaining of an amphiploid by crossing with Hordeum marinum, plant tolerant to salinity, improved the growth of the plant and decreased the accumulation of Na+ and c1- in leaf. In transgenic tomate with the HAL 1 gene; the in vitro study of transgenic callus showed that growth increased in saline medium, whereas in no-transgenic callus it was inhibited. In soybean plants, the pretreatment of seeds with glycine betaine (GB) decreased lipid peroxidation, favored the accumulation of proline and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, APX).
Fisiologia vegetal, 2417.19, Biología, Plant physiology, Biology
Fisiologia vegetal, 2417.19, Biología, Plant physiology, Biology
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