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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Doctoral thesis . 2025
License: CC BY NC ND
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UCrea
Doctoral thesis . 2025
License: CC BY NC ND
Data sources: UCrea
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Análisis genómico dirigido en microbiomas

Targeted genomic analyses in microbiomes
Authors: Medina Méndez, Juan Manuel;

Análisis genómico dirigido en microbiomas

Abstract

Esta tesis doctoral presenta un método bioinformático para investigar la dinámica funcional en comunidades microbianas mediante la cuantificación de familias génicas asociadas a enfermedades humanas y a la transferencia horizontal de genes. Para ilustrar esta estrategia, se analizó la abundancia de genes metabólicos y plasmídicos en un gran número de metagenomas procedentes de ecosistemas clínicos y ambientales. Se empleó un enfoque geno-céntrico para superar las limitaciones de la detección con métodos metataxonómicos. Los resultados muestran alteraciones en genes metabólicos implicados en patologías gastrointestinales, sugiriendo una reprogramación funcional del microbioma intestinal. Además, las relaxasas codificadas en plásmidos y los genes de resistencia a antibióticos muestran una menor abundancia en ambientes naturales con respecto a los antropogénicos. Estos hallazgos subrayan el valor del análisis genético para identificar señales microbianas con relevancia clínica y ecológica en microbiomas.

This thesis presents a bioinformatic approach to investigate functional dynamics in microbial communities by quantifying gene families linked to host-associated disease and horizontal gene transfer. To illustrate this strategy, large metagenomic datasets from clinical and natural ecosystems were analyzed, focusing on metabolic and plasmid-associated genes. A gene-centric approach was employed to overcome the detection limits of metataxonomic profiling. The results reveal consistent perturbations in metabolic genes involved in gastrointestinal pathologies, suggesting a functional reprogramming of the gut microbiome. In parallel, plasmid-encoded relaxases and antibiotic resistance genes exhibit lower abundance in natural environments compared to anthropogenic ones. These findings underscore the value of gene-level profiling for uncovering microbial signatures of clinical and ecological relevance in microbiomes.

This work has been carried out at “Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla” and “Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria”, funded by the following projects: • Dianas terapéuticas y biomarcadores para la medicina de precisión en MAFLD (PreMed-MAFLD). Project PMP21/00112. Funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII). 2022-2025. • De la medicina reactiva a la predictiva en NAFLD: Identificación de una nueva firma de progresión de NAFLD inicial. Project PI22/01853. Funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII). 2023-2025. • MAPMAR: Marine plasmids driving the spread of antibiotic resistances. Project PCI2021-121978. Funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the European Union NextGeneration EU/PRTR. 2021-2024. • Desarrollo de herramientas para intervenciones en distintos microbiomas. Project 55-P221-640.04. 2023-2025

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Gen metabólico, Metagenómica, Plásmido, Metabolic genes, Relaxasa, Metagenomics, Microbiome, Relaxase, Microbioma, Plasmids

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green