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Melatonina y tumores hormonodependientes

Authors: Ortiz Echevarría, Álvaro;

Melatonina y tumores hormonodependientes

Abstract

La melatonina es el principal producto de secreción de la glándula pineal. Su función más destacada es cronobiótica, siendo capaz de sincronizar y regular los ritmos biológicos del organismo en respuesta a las señales ambientales, especialmente el ritmo luz/oscuridad. Sin embargo, desde el descubrimiento de esta indolamina en 1958 se han ido poniendo de manifiesto sus relevantes propiedades oncostáticas sobre una gran variedad de estirpes tumorales, entre las cuales sobresalen los tumores hormonodependientes, en especial el cáncer de mama. Gran parte de sus propiedades oncostáticas están ligadas en mayor o menor medida a la hormonodependencia y abarcan la influencia de la melatonina sobre el ciclo celular y la actividad de la telomerasa; sus efectos tanto antioxidantes como antiangiogénicos; su capacidad para inhibir la diseminación y metástasis de las células tumorales; su papel en la prevención de la disrupción circadiana; y, como acciones más relevantes, sus propiedades antiestrogénicas y antiandrogénicas. Estas consideraciones, sumadas a los resultados de las investigaciones que abalan la gran aplicabilidad de la melatonina como terapia adyuvante a la radio y quimioterapia y que se revisan en este trabajo, hacen de la melatonina un agente con un remarcado potencial preventivo y terapéutico en tumores con gran relevancia epidemiológica, como son el cáncer de mama, de próstata y de ovario.

Melatonin is the main secretion product of the pineal gland. Its most prominent function is chronobiotic, being capable of synchronizing and regulating the organism's biological rhythms in response to environmental signals, especially the light/darkness rhythm. However, since the discovery of this indolamine in 1958, its relevant oncostatic properties have been increasingly evident across a wide variety of tumor strains, among which hormone-dependent tumors stand out, especially breast cancer. Many of its oncostatic properties are linked to a greater or lesser extent to hormone dependence and encompass the influence of melatonin on the cell cycle and telomerase activity; its effects as both antioxidants and antiangiogenics; its ability to inhibit the spread and metastasis of tumor cells; its role in preventing circadian disruption; and, as the most relevant actions, its antiestrogenic and antiandrogenic properties. These considerations, combined with the results of research supporting the wide applicability of melatonin as an adjuvant therapy to radio and chemotherapy, as reviewed in this work, make melatonin an agent with remarkable preventive and therapeutic potential in tumors with significant epidemiological relevance, such as breast, prostate, and ovarian cancer.

Grado en Medicina

Keywords

Melatonina, Hormone-dependent tumors, Adyuvante, Tumores hormonodependientes, Radioterapia, Radiotherapy, Chemotherapy, Quimioterapia, Cáncer, Adjuvant, Melatonin, Cancer

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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