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handle: 10902/3275
RESUMEN: La presente tesis doctoral estudia el discurso de la literatura apologética cristiana sobre el paganismo desde el siglo II hasta la época de Constantino. En el sentido más amplio del término, la literatura apologética incluye todas aquellas obras que presentan y defienden el cristianismo en el contexto, real o potencial, de las persecuciones. Pero la defensa no fue el único objetivo de los apologistas. Su labor argumentativa tuvo como efecto la definición de la propia identidad del cristianismo como grupo religioso, así como establecer los límites entre éste y los otros sistemas religiosos en el contexto de la sociedad greco-romana, en cuanto a creencias, prácticas rituales y comportamientos éticos y sociales. La imagen que se desprende del paganismo en la literatura apologética es estereotipada, pudiendo pocas veces extraer de ella elementos de la experiencia contemporánea. No se trata, por tanto, de examinar la situación del paganismo entre los siglos II y IV, sino de analizar las estrategias argumentativas, las herramientas retóricas y, en última instancia, las ideas que los apologistas elaboraron sobre el paganismo greco-romano. El paganismo visto por los cristianos, como objeto de polémica, no ha sido abordado de forma sistemática en un estudio que contemple todos los tratados que se incluyen tradicionalmente en el género apologético en el período pre-constantiniano. A llenar este vacío historiográfico se dedica esta tesis doctoral.
ABSTRACT: The present doctoral thesis studies the discourse of Christian apologetic literature on paganism from the second century AD to the reign of Constantine. In the widest sense of the term, apologetic literature includes those works that present and defend Christianity within a real or potential context of persecution. However, to defend Christianity was not the only objective of the apologists, as their arguments served to construct the identity of Christianity itself, and define the boundaries between it and other religious systems in the Greco-Roman world, as regarding beliefs, rites and ethical and social behaviour. The image of paganism given by the apologists is a stereotype, and rarely can elements of contemporary experience be extracted from their texts. Therefore, this thesis does not attempt to examine the situation of paganism between the second and fourth centuries, but analyses the argumentative strategies, the rhetorical tools, and ultimately, the ideas the apologists crafted about Greco-Roman paganism. This topic has not previously been approached systematically in a study embracing all the treatises traditionally included within the category of pre-Constantinian apologetic literature. The present doctoral thesis aims to fill this historiographical lacuna.
Late antiquity, Rhetoric, Historia antigua, Paganismo, Polémica, Christianity, Ancient history, Paganism, Cristianismo, Literatura apologética, Polemic, Antigüedad tardía, Retórica, Apologetic literature
Late antiquity, Rhetoric, Historia antigua, Paganismo, Polémica, Christianity, Ancient history, Paganism, Cristianismo, Literatura apologética, Polemic, Antigüedad tardía, Retórica, Apologetic literature
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