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handle: 10902/31854
El Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH) es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo caracterizado por la persistencia de conductas de desatención, hiperactividad e impulsividad por parte del sujeto. A pesar de haberse demostrado su base genética, la manifestación de los síntomas también está determinada por factores ambientales y neurobiológicos así como de los estilos educativos de los padres. A día de hoy, el TDAH (con tres subtipos diferentes) es uno de los trastornos infantiles más comunes en la sociedad, existiendo diferencias entre los diferentes sexos. La percepción social del TDAH ha ido cambiando, pero aún persisten estereotipos y una falta de comprensión que puede llevar a una mala praxis. Los profesores tienden a etiquetar a sus alumnos con TDAH como inquietos e irresponsables, lo que puede afectar negativamente a su autoestima, resultados académicos, sociales o personales. Por ello, los maestros, en primera línea de detección y trato, han de recibir una formación adecuada sobre este fenómeno. La sintomatología del TDAH es muy variada, por ello se ha de realizar una profunda evaluación haciendo uso de diferentes instrumentos de recogida de información sobre las diversas habilidades cognitivas y motoras del sujeto. A su vez, se han de tener en cuenta otros trastornos que puedan manifestar síntomas similares y así evitar generalizaciones o diagnósticos apresurados. Cabe destacar que el TDAH no tiene cura y que requiere de un plan de tratamiento multimodal donde el consumo de fármacos, que no funciona por sí solo, se apoye en intervenciones educativas, conductuales, psicoeducativas y psicológicas. A día de hoy, tenemos acceso a toda la información que queramos sobre el TDAH, pero es necesario invertir tiempo en buscar y comprender qué es este trastorno y cómo se ha de educar a la sociedad para brindar apoyo a quienes lo padecen, y éste es el objetivo del presente trabajo.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by the persistence of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity behaviors by the subject. Although its genetic basis has been demonstrated, the manifestation of symptoms is also determined by environmental and neurobiological factors as well as parental education styles. Today, ADAH (with three different subtypes) is one of the most common childhood disorders in society, with differences between the sexes. The social perception of ADHD has been changin, but stereotypes and a lack of understanding still persist, which can lead to malpractice. Teachers tend to label their students with ADHD as restless and irresponsible, which can negatively affect their self-esteem, academic, social or personal results. Therefore, teachers, in the first line of detection and treatment, must receive adequate training on this phenomenon. The symptomatology of ADHD is very varied, so a thorough evaluation must be carried out using different instruments to collect information on the various cognitive and motor skills of the subject. At the same time, other disorders that may manifest similar symptoms should be taken into account in order to avoid generalizations or hasty diagnoses. It should be noted that ADHD has no cure and requires a multimodal treatment plan in which the use of medications, which does not work by itself, is supported by educational, behavioral, psychoeducational and psychological interventions. Today we have access to all the information we want about ADHD, but it is necessary to invest time in researching and understanding what this disorder is and how society needs to be educated to support those who suffer from it, and this is the objective of this paper.
Grado en Magisterio en Educación Primaria
Sintomatología, Evaluación, Social perception, Educación, Multimodal treatment and education, ADHD, TDAH, Symptomatology, Assessment, Tratamiento multimodal, Percepción social
Sintomatología, Evaluación, Social perception, Educación, Multimodal treatment and education, ADHD, TDAH, Symptomatology, Assessment, Tratamiento multimodal, Percepción social
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