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image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Recolector de Cienci...arrow_drop_down
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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Doctoral thesis . 2023
License: CC BY NC ND
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
UCrea
Doctoral thesis . 2023
License: CC BY NC ND
Data sources: UCrea
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Viabilidad de la escoria de acería como aglutinante y árido en materiales álcali-activados

Feasibility of steel slag as binder and aggregate in alkali-activated materials
Authors: Alencar Nunes, Vitor;

Viabilidad de la escoria de acería como aglutinante y árido en materiales álcali-activados

Abstract

La escoria de acería (EA) es un residuo sólido generado durante el proceso de fabricación del acero con generación anual de 270 millones de toneladas de EA en todo el mundo. La EA se puede reutilizar como materia prima alternativa en varias aplicaciones debido a su composición química, propiedades mecánicas y físicas. Esta investigación investigó la viabilidad de EA como aglutinante y árido en materiales álcali-activados (MAA) a través de la determinación de los parámetros de activación óptimos y el proceso de pretratamiento necesario. Las propiedades mecánicas, microestructurales y de durabilidad se evaluaron mediante una serie de métodos de caracterización, como microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB), microtomografía de rayos X (μCT), porosimetria de intrusión de mercurio (MIP) y expansión en autoclave, entre otros. Los resultados mostraron que, a pesar de la baja reactividad de la EA, se confirmaron el proceso de activación alcalina y el endurecimiento de las pastas a base de SS como aglutinante único. De hecho, los mejores resultados mecánicos (resistencia a la compresión hasta 20 MPa) se consiguieron con una combinación de baja concentración de Na2O (4%) y módulo de silicio intermedio (1.50-2.22). En cuanto al uso como árido, el curado en húmedo como pretratamiento es muy recomendable para las matrices MAA y PC para controlar la expansión retardada de la EA, produciendo materiales endurecidos tras el ensayo acelerado. Además, la interfase presentó una fase gelatinosa (muy probablemente resultante de la reacción del árido EA en el sistema alcalino) que favorecía la interfase entre áridos y pasta. Por otro lado, la carbonatación como pretratamiento afectó fuertemente al desarrollo de la resistencia a edades tempranas de los morteros MAA debido a la formación de carbonato sódico en el activador. El mortero MAA diseñado únicamente con EA como ligante y árido presentó bajas resistencias mecánicas (hasta 5 MPa) y alta porosidad total. Como consecuencia, este mortero no tiene suficiente resistencia mecánica para ser evaluado en pruebas aceleradas. Los resultados de esta investigación demostraron que el uso de EA como materia prima es muy prometedor para el desarrollo de MAA.

Steel slag (SS) is a solid waste generated during the steelmaking process, with annual generation of 270 million tons of SS worldwide. SS can be reused as an alternative raw material in several applications due to its chemical composition, mechanical and physical properties. This research investigated the feasibility of SS as binder and aggregate in alkali-activated materials (AAM), by determining the optimum activation parameters and the pre-treatment process needed. Mechanical, microstructural and durability properties were evaluated via a series of characterization methods, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray microtomography (μCT), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and autoclave expansion, among others. Results showed that SS has low reactivity but may be alkali-activated as single binder. In fact, the best mechanical results (compressive strength up to 20 MPa) were achieved by using an activator with low Na2O concentration (4%) and intermediary silica modulus (1.50-2.22). As aggregate, the wet curing as pre-treatment of the SS is highly recommended for AAM and PC matrices to control the delayed expansion of the former, producing sound materials after accelerated testing. In addition, the ITZ showed a gel phase (most likely resulting from the reaction of the SS aggregate in the alkaline system) which promoted the bond between aggregates and paste. On the other hand, the carbonation as pre-treatment of SS strongly affected the strength development at early ages of AAM mortars due to the formation of sodium carbonate in the activator. The AAM mortar designed with neat SS as binder and aggregate presented low mechanical strength (up to 5 MPa) and high porosity. Consequently, this mortar does not have sufficient mechanical strength to be evaluated in accelerated expansion testing. The findings of this research showed that the use of SS as raw material is very promising for AAM development.

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Spain
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Keywords

Steel slag, Materiales activados alcalinamente, Parámetros de activación, Estabilidad de volumen, Alkali-activated materials, Proceso de pretratamiento, Waste recycling, Reciclado de residuos, Escoria de acero, Volume stability, Pre-treatment process, Activation parameters

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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