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Comunicación de marca y actitudes del consumidor: Red Bull energy drink

Authors: Gómez Hinojal, Paola Marina;

Comunicación de marca y actitudes del consumidor: Red Bull energy drink

Abstract

RESUMEN: Hoy en día existen muchas marcas que venden productos muy similares, esto ocurre en la categoría de bebidas energéticas, por lo que, como marca, es importante poder diferenciarse del resto para obtener una ventaja competitiva y a su vez ser una marca a la que los clientes o potenciales clientes la perciban positivamente. En este estudio se desarrolla como la marca Red Bull consigue mantenerse líder de la categoría gracias a las técnicas de cambio de actitudes y conducta junto con las técnicas persuasión que incluyen en su estrategia. Para conseguir un cambio en la actitud y la conducta, esta marca, realiza pruebas de producto para que en caso positivo de la prueba, se consiga un cambio en la actitud que se tiene hacia el producto y una consiguiente modificación de conducta a través del hábito. Esto va acompañado de técnicas de persuasión para que sea completamente eficaz, como puede ser argumentaciones a posibles dudas o sampleo llevado a cabo por personas que proyecten aspecto socialmente aceptados como positivos. Por otro lado, en este estudio, se observa cómo persuade a través de El Modelo de Probabilidad de Elaboración (ELM) desarrollado por Petty y Cacioppo en los años 80. Este modelo explica dos modos de persuasión según la capacidad y la motivación del receptor en ese momento. Una es la ruta central, casos en los que existe alta motivación y capacidad para reflexionar sobre un mensaje con argumentación sólida, a través de esta ruta comunica aspectos técnicos del producto. Por otro lado, existe la ruta periférica, casos en los que existe baja motivación y cobran importancia los elementos periféricos que rodean al mensaje, esta ruta es la más empleada por la marca. La razón del empleo en mayor medida de la ruta periférica es debido a que aplica marketing de emociones como estrategia principal. Para persuadir a través de la ruta periférica principalmente se apoya en personas que se convierten en la cara visible de la marca y la representen para comunicar su mensaje. Estas personas son referentes en los ámbitos de interés de los consumidores por tanto consiguen que la marca sea cercana y dan credibilidad y consistencia al mensaje. Gracias a esto los receptores el mensaje desarrollan sentimientos positivos de estima hacia la marca, lo cual consigue una persuasión a través del componente afectivo de manera inconsciente.

ABSTRACT: Nowadays there are many brands that sell very similar products, this occurs in the energy drink category, so as a brand it is important to be able to differentiate yourself from the rest to get a better competitive advantage and at the same time being the brand that customers or potential customers perceive as positive. This study develops how the Red Bull brand manages to remain the leader of their category thanks to the changing attitudes and behavior techniques together with persuasion techniques included in this strategy. To achieve a change in attitude and behavior, this brand carries out product tests so in the case of a positive feedback, a change in the attitude towards the product is achieved and a therefore a change of behavior through habit. This is accompanied by persuasion techniques to be completely effective, such as arguments to solve possible doubts or sampling carried out by people who project positive social aspects. On the other hand, in this study, it is observed how to persuade through the Elaboration Probability Model (ELM) developed by Petty and Cacioppo in the 80s. This model explains two ways of persuasion according to the capacity and motivation of the recipient in that moment. One is the central route, cases in which there is high motivation and ability to reflect on a message with solid argumentation, through this route it communicates technical aspects of the product. On the other hand, there is the peripheral route, cases where there is low motivation and the peripheral elements that surround the message become important, this route is the most used by the brand. The reason of the use of the peripheral route is due to the application of emotion marketing as its main strategy. To persuade through the peripheral route, it mainly relies on people who become the visible face of the brand and represent it to communicate its message. These people are reference in the areas of interest to consumers, therefore they get the brand to be close and give credibility and consistency to the message. Thanks to this, the recipients of the message develop esteem positive feelings towards the brand, which achieves persuasion through the unconscious affective component.

Grado en Administración y Dirección de Empresas

Keywords

Behavior, Conducta, Actitud, Persuasión, Ccentral route, Ruta periférica, Ruta central, Cambio de conducta, Attitude, Behavior change, Peripheral route, Persuasion, Modelo de Probabilidad de Elaboración (ELM), Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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