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handle: 10902/25958
RESUMEN : INTRODUCCIÓN: El tratamiento del cáncer de recto ha evolucionado en la última década hacia una cirugía de preservación de esfínteres. Esto ha determinado que hasta un 80% de los pacientes operados de cáncer de recto acaben desarrollando el síndrome de resección anterior (LARS), donde coexisten trastornos intestinales, sexuales y urinarios. Recientemente, se ha diseñado y validado un sistema de puntuación prequirúrgico llamado Pre-Operative Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (POLARS score) basado en un modelo matemático, el cual predice el riesgo de disfunción intestinal postoperatoria medida por el LARS score que presentará el paciente después del tratamiento en base a unas variables. OBJETIVOS: Conocer la incidencia del LARS tras resección del recto medido mediante una herramienta validada, el LARS score. Conocer el valor predictivo de la escala POLARS y su correlación con la escala LARS. Conocer la calidad de vida del paciente con resección de recto. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo con 43 pacientes a quien se les realizó una resección anterior de recto entre marzo de 2018 y septiembre de 2020. RESULTADOS: El 30,23% de los pacientes operados de cáncer de recto no presentaron LARS, mientras que el 69,68% presentaron LARS. Se relacionó LARS con peor calidad de vida (p=0,003). POLARS se observó que influye directamente sobre LARS (p = 0,013) (R =0,470). La escisión total de mesorrecto (ETM), la altura del tumor y la radioquimioterapia neoadyuvante influyen sobre el valor de LARS. En el análisis multivariable se observó que la única variable que influye de manera independiente en la calidad de vida es el LARS. (P=0,002. R2=0,5777). CONCLUSIONES: El 69,68% de los pacientes presentaron LARS. La ETM, la altura del tumor y la radioquimioterapia neoadyuvante fueron los principales factores asociados a la puntuación LARS. POLARS influye directamente sobre LARS. La percepción global de la calidad de vida fue significativamente peor en los pacientes con LARS mayor.
ABSTRACT : INTRODUCTION: The treatment of rectal cancer has evolved in the last decade towards sphincter sparing surgery. This has determined that up to 80% of patients operated on for rectal cancer end up developing anterior resection syndrome (LARS), where bowel, sexual and urinary disorders coexist. Recently, a pre-surgical scoring system called Pre-Operative Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (POLARS score) has been designed and validated based on a mathematical model, which predicts the risk of postoperative bowel dysfunction measured by the LARS score that the patient will present after treatment based on some variables. OBJECTIVES: To know the incidence of LARS after rectal resection measured by a validated tool, the LARS score. To know the predictive value of the POLARS scale and its correlation with the LARS scale. To know the quality of life of the patient with rectal resection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective study with 43 patients who underwent anterior rectal resection between March 2018 and September 2020. RESULTS: 30.23% of patients operated on for rectal cancer had no LARS, while 69.68% had LARS. LARS was associated with worse quality of life (p=0.003). POLARS was observed to directly influence LARS (p=0.013) (R=0.470). Total mesorectal excision (TME), tumor height and neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy influence the LARS value. Multivariate analysis showed that the only variable that independently influences quality of life is LARS (P=0.002. R2=0.5777). CONCLUSIONS: 69.68% of patients presented LARS. ETM, tumor height and neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy were the main factors associated with LARS score. POLARS directly influences LARS. Global perception of quality of life was significantly worse in patients with higher LARS.
Grado en Medicina
Cáncer de recto, Anterior rectal resection, Low anterior resection syndrome, Resección anterior de recto, POLARS score, Rectal cancer, LARS score, Síndrome de resección anterior baja
Cáncer de recto, Anterior rectal resection, Low anterior resection syndrome, Resección anterior de recto, POLARS score, Rectal cancer, LARS score, Síndrome de resección anterior baja
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