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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Bachelor thesis . 2022
License: CC BY NC ND
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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Bachelor thesis . 2022
License: CC BY NC ND
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
UCrea
Bachelor thesis . 2022
License: CC BY NC ND
Data sources: UCrea
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Farmacogenómica y medicina personalizada

Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine
Authors: Jordán Zárate, María Adela;

Farmacogenómica y medicina personalizada

Abstract

RESUMEN : En el ámbito de la farmacoterapia, es bien conocido que la variabilidad interindividual en la respuesta a los fármacos requiere la individualización del tratamiento. La medicina personalizada utiliza el perfil genético de los pacientes para la toma de decisiones en relación con la prevención, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la enfermedad. En el marco de esta disciplina, la farmacogenómica estudia qué variabilidades en el genoma humano permiten predecir la respuesta (eficacia y toxicidad) a un fármaco en particular. Los polimorfismos de un solo nucleótido (SNP) constituyen el 90% de todas las variaciones genómicas humanas. Los estudios farmacogenéticos han descubierto numerosos SNPs que determinan diferencias en la respuesta a los fármacos, influyendo su farmacocinética (absorción, transporte, metabolismo y eliminación), y su farmacodinamia (unión a receptores y otras dianas). La repercusión de estas diferencias es particularmente importante en lo que se refiere a las reacciones adversas inducidas por algunos fármacos que, a pesar de no ser muy prevalentes, son muy graves. La depresión respiratoria por codeína o la osteonecrosis mandibular por bifosfonatos son sólo dos ejemplos de este tipo de efectos adversos que ilustran la necesidad de potenciar la investigación clínica en este campo e integrar la farmacogenómica en todos los ámbitos asistenciales del paciente.

ABSTRACT : In the field of pharmacotherapy, it is well known that interindividual variability in drug response requires individualization of treatment. Personalised medicine uses the genetic profile of patients to make decisions regarding the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Within this discipline, pharmacogenomics studies which variabilities in the human genome allow predicting the response (efficacy and toxicity) to a particular drug. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) account for 90% of all human genomic variations. Pharmacogenetics uncovered numerous SNPs that determine differences in response to drugs, influencing their pharmacokinetics (absorption, transport, metabolism and elimination), and pharmacodynamics (interaction with receptors and other drug targets). The impact of these differences is particularly important with regard to the adverse reactions induced by some drugs which, although not very prevalent, are very serious. Respiratory depression due to codeine or osteonecrosis of the jaw due to bisphosphonates are just two examples of these type of adverse effects that illustrate the need to strengthen clinical research in this field and to integrate pharmacogenomics in all areas of patient care.

Grado en Medicina

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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