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Infección de Prótesis Articular por Bacilos Gram Negativos : Epidemiología, Factores de Riesgo y Pronóstico

Authors: Villoria Llata, Paula;

Infección de Prótesis Articular por Bacilos Gram Negativos : Epidemiología, Factores de Riesgo y Pronóstico

Abstract

RESUMEN : Introducción: La prevalencia de infección de prótesis articular (IPA) por bacilos gram negativos (BGN) ha aumentado en las ultimas décadas y es a su vez considerada de peor pronóstico que las de otras etiologías. El objetivo del estudio es analizar el pronóstico de las IPA producidas por bacilos gram negativos tratadas con desbridamiento retención del implante y antibiótico (DAIR),identificar factores predictores de fracaso y determinar el impacto del uso de las fluoroquinolonas en el pronóstico. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo de pacientes con diagnóstico de IPA precoz o hematógenas por BGN entre el año 2006 y 2019. Se han estudiado las diferencias demográficas, clínicas, microbiológicas y pronósticas en las infecciones por BGN tratados con DAIR. Resultados: Se incluyeron 25 pacientes con diagnóstico de IPA, 40% (n=10) hombres y 60% (n=15) mujeres. La edad media fue de 74,1 (DE 11,56) años. El índice de Charslon fue ≥ 3 en el 96% (n=24) de los pacientes. La prótesis infectada se localizó preferentemente en la cadera 72% (n=18) vs 28% (n=7) la rodilla. Pseudomonas spp y Escherichia coli fueron los microorganismos más frecuentemente aislados (24%, n=6 cada una de ellas), seguido por Morganella morganii y Enterobacter cloacae (8%, n=2 cada uno). Los pacientes que recibieron tratamiento con fluoroquinolonas cuando los BGN aislados eran sensibles fue asociado a una mejor tasa de curación respecto a los pacientes con IPA por BGN resistentes a fluoroquinolonas (p= 0.008). Conclusiones: La infección aguda y/o hematógena de prótesis articular tratada con desbridamiento, antibiótico y retención del implante producidas por BGN tiene una tasa de curación del 76%. El tratamiento con fluoroquinolonas cuando la IPA fue producida por BGN sensibles se asoció con un mejor pronóstico.

ABSTRACT : Background: The prevalence of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) due to gram negative bacilli has increased in recent decades and is considered to have a worse prognosis than those of other etiologies. The objective of the study is to analyze the prognosis of PJI due to gram negative bacilli treated with implant, retention, and antibiotic debridement and to assess the influence of antibiotic treatment with fluoroquinolones. Material and methods: A retrospective observational study was made in patients with early postoperative and acute haematogenous infections between 2006 and 2019. Demographical, clinical, microbiological, therapeutic, and prognostic differences were evaluated. Results: 25 patients with BGN PJI were included, 40% (n=10) were men and 60% (n=15) were women. The mean age was 74,1 (SE 11,56). Charslon`s index was ≥ 3 in 96% (24) patients. The main affected prosthesis was the hip 72% (n=18) vs the knee 28% (n=7). Pseudomonas spp y Escherichia coli were more frequently found in PJI (24%, n=6 respectively) follow by Morganella morganii y Enterobacter cloacae. Patients who were treated with fluoroquinolones when isolated GNB were sensitive was associated with a better cure rate compared to patients with PJI due to fluoroquinolone resistant GNB (p= 0.008). Conclusions: The treatment success was 76% in patients with early postoperative infections or acute haematogenous PJI treated with implant, retention, and antibiotic debridement. Fluoroquinolone’s treatment when the PJI due to GNB-sensitive was associated with a better prognosis.

Grado en Medicina

Keywords

Infección de prótesis articular, Prosthetic joint infection, Desbridamiento retención de prótesis y antibiótico (DAIR), Bacilos gram negativos, Fluoroquinolonas, Gram negative bacilli, Implant, retention, and antibiotic debridement

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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