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Compatibilidad HLA y evolución post-trasplante pulmonar

Authors: Simón Coloret, Saray;

Compatibilidad HLA y evolución post-trasplante pulmonar

Abstract

RESUMEN : Introducción. La disfunción crónica del injerto (DCI o CLAD) supone la primera causa de muerte tras el primer año postrasplante pulmonar. Son varios los factores de riesgo para desarrollar CLAD, dentro de los cuales la compatibilidad HLA a nivel de eplets y el desarrollo de anticuerpos anti-HLA de novo postrasplante podrían tener un papel importante en la evolución del injerto pulmonar. El uso de inducción con basiliximab podría ayudar a disminuir el riesgo de desarrollo de rechazo crónico. Objetivos. Estudiar los factores de riesgo de CLAD, especialmente la compatibilidad HLA entre donante y receptor, y el desarrollo de anticuerpos anti-HLA de novo postrasplante. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo que incluye pacientes con patología pulmonar grave trasplantados en el Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla entre el octubre de 2008 y el diciembre de 2017. Resultados. Se pudo establecer el estado de CLAD en 241 pacientes, con una incidencia a los 5 años del 34,1%. Un mayor número de rechazos agudos y la aparición tardía de estos rechazos aumentan el riesgo de rechazo crónico (p=0,032 y 0,002), al igual que el desarrollo de anticuerpos anti-HLA de novo de clase 1 (p=0,035). Por el contrario, el uso de inducción con basiliximab disminuye el riesgo de rechazo crónico (p=0,000). Los pacientes con mayor carga de incompatibilidades de clase 1 y 2 tienen un menor tiempo libre de CLAD, y aquellos con mayor carga en clase 2 y especialmente en DQ, tienen menor tiempo libre de desarrollo de anticuerpos anti-HLA de novo postrasplante de clase 2. Conclusión. Los pacientes con un mayor sumatorio de disparidades de clase 1 y 2 tienen mayor riesgo de desarrollar CLAD y aquellos con una mayor carga de disparidades de clase en DQ ven disminuido el tiempo libre de desarrollo de anticuerpos anti-HLA de novo de clase 2. La terapia de inducción con basiliximab disminuye el riesgo de CLAD.

ABSTRACT : Background. Chronic lung allograft disfunction (CLAD) is the leading cause of death after the first year after the lung transplantation. There are several risk factors described for developing CLAD, including HLA matching at the eplet level and the development of de novo post-transplant anti-HLA antibodies, which could play an important role in the graft outcome. The use of basiliximab induction could help to reduce the risk of CLAD. Objectives. The aim of this project is to study the risk factors of CLAD after lung transplantation, especially HLA matching between donor and receptor and the development of de novo post-transplant anti-HLA antibodies. Methods. We have conducted a retrospective, observational study which includes patients with severe lung disease transplanted at the Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital throughout the period between October 2008 and December 2017. Results. We could establish the CLAD condition in 241 patients, with a 5-year incidence of 34,1%. A higher number of acute rejections and the late onset of these rejections increase the risk of CLAD (p = 0.032 and 0.002), as does the development of de novo class 1 anti-HLA antibodies (p = 0.035). On the contrary, the use of induction with basiliximab reduces the risk of chronic rejection (p = 0.000). Patients with a higher load of class 1 and 2 incompatibilities have a lower CLAD-free time and those with a higher class 2 load, especially in DQ, have a shorter free time from developing de novo post transplant class 2 anti-HLA antibodies. Conclusions. Patients with a greater sum of class 1 and 2 eplet mismatches have a greater risk of developing CLAD and those with a greater burden of DQ class disparities have a decreased time free from the development of de novo class 2 anti-HLA antibodies. Induction therapy with basiliximab decreases the risk of CLAD.

Grado en Medicina

Keywords

Trasplante pulmonar, Disfunción crónica del injerto, Lung transplantation, Compatibilidad HLA, HLA matching, Eplets, Chronic lung allograft disfunction

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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