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Salud mental y envejecimiento saludable: prevención y promoción de la salud

Authors: Castrillón Bedoya, Luisa María;

Salud mental y envejecimiento saludable: prevención y promoción de la salud

Abstract

RESUMEN: El envejecimiento poblacional es un fenómeno que se justifica por un aumento de la esperanza de vida gracias al desarrollo del país en los ámbitos económicos y sociales, y por la disminución de la natalidad, lo que ha fomentado el interés en estudiar los factores que influyen en la salud y cómo se relacionan con la calidad de vida. El trabajo persigue evaluar la relación entre la salud mental y el envejecimiento, así como estrategias para la promoción de la salud mental en este grupo de edad. El deterioro fisiológico propio del proceso de envejecimiento incrementa la aparición de patologías diversas, entre ellas, trastornos mentales. Además, son varios los factores tanto psicológicos como sociales que repercuten en la salud mental de la persona mayor. Las connotaciones negativas generadas por la sociedad hacia el envejecimiento ocasionan malestar psicológico en este colectivo, influyendo en su autoestima y confianza, y desencadenando así enfermedades mentales. Todo lo anteriormente nombrado ha cobrado relevancia en los últimos años, dado el elevado porcentaje de episodios depresivos y ansiosos que se registran y condicionan negativamente la salud de este colectivo y, en paralelo, a su calidad de vida, así como un notable crecimiento de defunciones por suicidio en mayores de 70 años. Con esto se deduce la importancia de promover el envejecimiento saludable a través de la promoción de salud. El abordaje integral de los cuidados constituye el eje principal de la enfermería quien, por medio de la relación terapéutica, fomenta el autocuidado a través de la educación.

ABSTRACT: Population ageing is a phenomenon that is justified by an increase in life expectancy due to the country's development in the economic and social spheres, and a decrease in the birth rate, which has encouraged interest in studying the factors that influence health and how they are related to quality of life. The work aims to evaluate the relationship between mental health and ageing, as well as proposing different strategies for the promotion of mental health in this age group. The physiological deterioration inherent to the ageing process increases the appearance of various pathologies, including mental disorders. In addition, there are several psychological and social factors that have an impact on the mental health of older people. The negative connotations generated by society towards ageing cause psychological discomfort in this group, influencing their self-esteem and confidence and thus triggering mental illnesses. All the above has gained relevance in recent years, given the high percentage of depressive and anxious episodes that are recorded and negatively affect the health of this group and, in parallel, their quality of life, as well as a notable increase in deaths by suicide among the over 70s. This highlights the importance of promoting healthy ageing through health promotion. A holistic approach to care is the main focus of nursing, which, through the therapeutic relationship, promotes self-care through education.

Grado en Enfermería

Keywords

Salud mental, Adulto mayor, Ageing, Mental disorder, Elderly, Active ageing, Trastorno mental, Calidad de vida, Envejecimiento, Quality of Life, Mental health, Envejecimiento activo

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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