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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Bachelor thesis . 2020
License: CC BY NC ND
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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Bachelor thesis . 2020
License: CC BY NC ND
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
UCrea
Bachelor thesis . 2020
License: CC BY NC ND
Data sources: UCrea
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Convergencia espacial de la esperanza de vida : un análisis empírico

Spatial convergence of life expectancy : an empirical analysis
Authors: González Rodríguez, Irene;

Convergencia espacial de la esperanza de vida : un análisis empírico

Abstract

El principal objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la convergencia en salud entre los países de la Unión Europea y las provincias españolas, teniendo en cuenta las interacciones espaciales entre unos territorios y otros. El estado de salud se cuantifica a través de la esperanza de vida en cuatro de sus formas: la esperanza de vida al nacer, la esperanza de vida a los 65 años, la esperanza de vida ajustada por discapacidad y la esperanza de vida saludable basada en la salud percibida por uno mismo. El periodo analizado difiere de unos indicadores a otros, estando comprendido en su totalidad entre 1998-2018. Se estudian dos tipos de convergencia: la σ-convergencia, a través de la desviación estándar, y la β-convergencia absoluta, a través de la estimación de una regresión determinada. Adicionalmente, se realiza el Test de Moran con el fin de conocer el grado de dependencias espaciales existentes y se usan dos modelos de regresión espaciales (Modelo de Retardo Espacial y Modelo del Error Espacial) para incluir dichas dependencias en la estimación de la β-convergencia absoluta. Los resultados sugieren que existe un proceso de convergencia, tanto en σ como en β, entre los países de la Unión Europea y entre las provincias españolas. Por tanto, la dispersión se reduce y las tasas de crecimiento han sido mayores en los lugares que tenían menores valores de esperanza de vida al inicio del periodo analizado. Por otro lado, la β-convergencia es mayor en las mujeres entre los países europeos y en los hombres entre las provincias españolas, independientemente del modelo seleccionado. Sin embargo, el aumento de la dispersión en los últimos años hace que no haya una evidencia clara sobre su tendencia en el próximo periodo. Este estudio tiene una contribución doble. En primer lugar, aporta una visión actualizada de la convergencia en salud en los últimos años. En segundo lugar, contribuye a la incorporación de la econometría espacial en la investigación de la Economía de la Salud. Nuestro análisis se puede considerar para aplicar medidas de intervención públicas cuya finalidad sean reducir las desigualdades en salud de la población.

Abstract: The main objective of this study is to analyse the health convergence between the European Union countries and between the Spanish provinces, considering the spatial interactions among several territories. Health status is quantified through life expectancy in four of its forms: life expectancy at birth, life expectancy at age 65, disability-adjusted life expectancy and healthy life expectancy based on self-perceived health. The period analysed differs from one indicator to another, being in its entirety between 1998-2018. Two types of convergence are studied: σ-convergence, through standard deviation, and absolute β-convergence, estimating a determined regression. Furthermore, the Moran Test is performed in order to know the degree of existing spatial dependencies and two models of spatial regression (Spatial Lag Model and Spatial Error Model) are used to include these dependencies in the absolute β-convergence estimation. The results suggest that there is a convergence process, both in σ and β, between the European Union countries and between the Spanish provinces. Therefore, dispersion is reduced and growth rates have been higher in the places where had lower life expectancy values at the beginning of the analyzed period. On the other hand, β-convergence is higher in women among European countries and in men among Spanish provinces, whether we consider the model without spatial dependencies or the models which include them. Nevertheless, the rise of the dispersion in recent years means that there is no clear evidence about its trend in the following period. This study has a double contribution. First of all, it provides an updated vision of the health convergence in the last years. Secondly, it contributes to the incorporation of spatial econometrics in Health Economics research. Our analysis can be considered in order to apply policy intervention measures to reduce health population inequalities.

Grado en Economía

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Convergencia, Econometría Espacial de la Salud, Unión Europea, Esperanza de Vida

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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