
handle: 10902/19492
RESUMEN : En la actualidad los antibióticos son un arma fundamental, quizá la más importante, para el tratamiento de las infecciones. Sin embargo, el desarrollo en los últimos años de las resistencias bacterianas está motivando la búsqueda de alternativas a los mismos. En este trabajo se expone una revisión sobre una de dichas alternativas, la fagoterapia, y su situación actual. Además, se tratan otras dos alternativas terapéuticas, no basadas propiamente en el uso de bacteriófagos como agentes antimicrobianos, sino en proteínas que guardan una estrecha relación con estos. La primera de ellas se basa en el uso de fagolisinas, proteínas producidas por algunos tipos de bacteriófagos para completar su ciclo lítico, romper la bacteria infectada y liberar la nueva progenie de fagos. La segunda lo hace en el tratamiento mediante tailocinas, proteínas que tienen su origen evolutivo en profagos que se integraron en el genoma bacteriano, y que ahora, tras un largo proceso evolutivo, las bacterias las sintetizan como proteínas propias para eliminar a otras bacterias competidoras.
ABSTRACT : Nowadays antibiotics are an essential tool, maybe the most important one, for the treatment of infections. However, the increasing appearance of bacterial resistance to antibiotics is motivating the search for alternatives. The focus of this paper is to review one of them, the phage therapy, and its current situation. Moreover, two other alternatives are exposed, not directly based on the use of phages as antimicrobial agents, but as proteins that are closely related to them. The first of these uses phagelysins, proteins produced by some type of phages to complete its litic cycle, break the host bacteria and release the new phage progeny. The second is the treatment with tailocins, proteins whose evolutive origin lies on prophages that integrated themselves in bacterial genoma, and now, after a large evolutive process, are synthesized by bacteria as their own proteins in order to eliminate other competitive bacteria.
Grado en Medicina
Tailocina, Tailocin, Fagolisin, Fagolisina, Lysin, Bacteriófago, Piocina, Bacteriophage
Tailocina, Tailocin, Fagolisin, Fagolisina, Lysin, Bacteriófago, Piocina, Bacteriophage
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