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La brecha salarial de género en España

Authors: Painceira Casas, Alba María;

La brecha salarial de género en España

Abstract

RESUMEN: La brecha salarial es la diferencia de salarios medio entre hombres y mujeres expresado en porcentaje de la retribución de los hombres por realizar un trabajo homogéneo. En el presente trabajo, para abordar esta cuestión, se explican las diferentes teorías económicas que han intentado explicar este fenómeno, tanto con factores por el lado de la demanda como por el lado de la oferta. No hay un solo modelo que pueda decirnos cual es la razón de la existencia de la brecha salarial. Por ello, es necesario regularlo a través de un marco normativo como garantía de la igualdad de trato en las empresas. Después de un enfoque más teórico, se analiza como particular el fenómeno de la discriminación salarial de género en España a partir de datos de la Encuesta de Estructura Salarial publicada por el INE. En concreto, y mediante el cálculo de un índice de discriminación salarial de género, se ahonda en los principales factores que, de acuerdo con la literatura, parecen explicar la discriminación salarial de género haciendo además referencia a su evolución durante el periodo de crisis económica en España. Actualmente, países como España y el resto de los países de la Unión Europea, son conscientes de que aun las mujeres no reciben el mismo trato laboral que los hombres. Aunque hay leyes que lo respaldan, no es suficiente, ya que la brecha salarial es una realidad hoy en día, y por ello daremos soluciones que fomenten su disminución.

ABSTRACT: The wage gap is the difference in average wages between men and women expressed as a percentage of men’s remuneration for performing homogeneous work. In this paper, to address this issue, we explain the different economic theories that have tried to explain this phenomenon, both with factors on the demand side and on the supply side. There is not a single model that can tell us the reason for the existence of the wage gap. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate it through a regulatory framework as a guarantee of equal treatment in companies. After a more theoretical approach, the reality, we will argument with data offered by the INE (National Statistics Institute) based on the salary structure survey of both annual and four-year periodicity. Through a series of factors that explain and with the gender pay rate we will know how the evolution of the wage gap has been during the period of the economic crisis in Spain. Currently, countries such as Spain and the rest of the countries of the European Union are aware that women do not received the same employment treatment as men nowadays. Although there are laws that support it, it is not enough, due to the wage gap is still a reality today, and that is why we will provide solutions to encourage their decrease.

Grado en Economía

Keywords

Factores explicativos, Legislation, Explanatory factors, Wage discrimination, Medidas, Wage gap, Legislación, Brecha salarial, Discriminación salarial, Actions

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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