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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Bachelor thesis . 2018
License: CC BY NC ND
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
UCrea
Bachelor thesis . 2018
License: CC BY NC ND
Data sources: UCrea
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La microbiota y las enfermedades neurodegenerativas

The gut microbiota and the neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Gómez de Segura Solay, Maider;

La microbiota y las enfermedades neurodegenerativas

Abstract

Los humanos vivimos en asociación con una gran variedad de microorganismos que residen en nuestros tejidos, entre ellos el tubo digestivo. La microbiota está modulada por factores del huésped como la genética y los nutrientes, pero a su vez esta microbiota es capaz de producir efectos en el propio huésped. La microbiota intestinal juega un papel crucial en el eje bidireccional intestino-cerebro que integra la actividad del intestino y del sistema nervioso central. En la actualidad, es motivo de estudio la posible correlación de la microbiota intestinal en el desarrollo neurocerebral así como su implicación en el desarrollo de diversas enfermedades neurodegenerativas y neuropsiquiátricas. Estos estudios se han centrado en analizar variaciones en los diferentes microorganismos y/o productos derivados de los mismos y mediante el uso de diferentes antibióticos y probióticos exógenos; puesto que se ha visto la implicación de la microbiota en la estabilización de la homeostasis del sistema inmune periférico y en la predisposición del huésped a padecer enfermedades neuropsiquiátricas y autoinmunes del Sistema Nervioso Central (SNC) como la esclerosis múltiple, la enfermedad de Alzheimer o el Parkinson. Si bien ya se han identificado diferentes vías neuronales, endocrinas y metabólicas de comunicación entre el cerebro y la microbiota, son necesarios más estudios para aclarar con precisión todos los mecanismos subyacentes implicados. Así, se podrían diseñar estrategias para modular la microbiota humana y por consiguiente su función, que ayude a mejorar el manejo y/o tratamiento de estas enfermedades.

Humans live in association with a great variety of microorganisms that reside in our tissues, for instance in the digestive track among others. The microbiota is modulated by certain factors of the host, such as genetics or nutrients, but it also affects the host himself. The microbiota plays a major role in the intestine-brain bidirectional axis, which consists in the activity of the intestine and the central nervous system. Currently, it is being explored whether the microbiota is correlated with the neurocerebral development, as well as with several neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. This is studied by analysing the variations in the microorganisms, products derived therefrom, and by the use of various exogeneous antibiotics and probiotics, since it has been observed that the microbiota itself is involved in stabilising the homeostasis of the peripheral immune system and in the propensity of the host to neuropsychiatric and autoimmune diseases of the CNS, such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease or Parkinson’s disease. Although there are different neuronal, endocrine and metabolic pathways of communication that have been identified between the brain and the microbiota, further research is required to clarify precisely all the underlying mechanisms involved. Strategies could be therefore designed to modulate the human microbiota and its functioning and improve the management of these diseases.

Grado en Medicina

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
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