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Las etapas y los actos preprocesales y procesales en el sistema acusatorio colombiano

Authors: Cárdenas Ravelo, Pedro Noel;

Las etapas y los actos preprocesales y procesales en el sistema acusatorio colombiano

Abstract

Con la expedición del acto legislativo 03 de 2002, y la ley 906 de 2004, inició para Colombia el fin del modelo de juzgamiento criminal de corte inquisitivo, y se puso en marcha un modelo procedimiento penal acusatorio, caracterizado por ser público, oral, contradictorio, concentrado, imparcial, con inmediación de la prueba y sin dilaciones injustificadas, donde se abandona el ius scriptum, y se da paso a un sistema oral, en el que la actuación se desarrolla mediante un sistema de audiencias llevadas a cabo, ante dos tipos de jueces, uno que cumple la función de Juez de Control de Garantías y otro que regenta funciones de Conocimiento del caso respectivo, pero todas ellas, previa la realización de un acto de postulación en cuyo ejercicio, la mayoría de los casos se realiza por la Fiscalía General de la Nación, en tanto que en unas cuantas ocasiones, se lleva a cabo por defensa técnica que son prácticamente quienes naturalísimamente tienen la calidad de partes en el nuevo esquema de procesamiento o excepcionalmente por otros intervinientes especiales como la víctima o el Ministerio Público. En ese nuevo diseño de juzgamiento, la función pública de persecución punitiva está conformada por dos grandes etapas, investigación y juicio; donde no solo se distinguen las actividades o roles que desempeñan los llamados a concurrir en cada una de ellas, sino que así mismo, también están diferenciadas las actuaciones que se realizan en cada fase, a punto que desde el aspecto puramente formal, el legislador etiquetó tales actuaciones de una manera distinta, con el nomen juris de actos preprocesales para una etapa y actos procesales para la otra, los que de la misma forma están aparejados con otra diferenciación a los nombres de las audiencias, dado que a unas, se les denomina audiencias preliminares y las otras audiencias de juicio.

With the issuance of the legislative act 03 of 2002, and the law 906 of 2004, initiated for Colombia the end of the model of criminal trial of inquisitive court, and set in motion a model accusatory criminal procedure, characterized by being public, oral, contradictory , concentrated, impartial, with immediate proof and without unjustified delays, where the ius scriptum is abandoned, and an oral system is given, in which the performance is developed through a system of audiences carried out, before two types of judges, one that fulfills the function of Judge of Control of Guarantees and another that runs functions of Knowledge of the respective case, but all of them, previous the accomplishment of an act of postulation in whose exercise, the majority of the cases is realized by the Office of the Attorney General of the Nation, while on a few occasions, it is carried out by technical defense that are practically those who naturally have the quality of parties in the evo processing scheme or exceptionally by other special interveners such as the victim or the Public Ministry. In this new design of judgment, the public function of punitive persecution consists of two major stages, investigation and trial; where not only are the activities or roles performed by those called to concur in each of them distinguished, but also, the actions carried out in each phase are also differentiated, to the point that from the purely formal aspect, the legislator labeled such actions in a different way, with the nomen juris of pre-procedural acts for one stage and procedural acts for the other, which in the same way are coupled with another differentiation to the names of the hearings, given that some are called preliminary hearings and other trial hearings.

Control of guarantees

Country
Colombia
Keywords

Función pública, Procedimiento penal acusatorio, Pre-procedural acts, Colombian criminal procedure trial, Proceso penal, Juzgamiento procesal penal colombiano, FISCALÍA GENERAL DE LA NACIÓN, Actos pre procesales, MINISTERIO PÚBLICO, Control of guarantees, CONSTITUCIÓN POLÍTICA DE COLOMBIA, Accusatory criminal procedure, DERECHO PENAL, Punitive persecution, SISTEMA ACUSATORIO COLOMBIANO, Persecución punitiva, Jueces, Control de garantías

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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