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Legal perspective of religious freedom and freedom of conscience.

Authors: González Merlano, Gabriel;

Legal perspective of religious freedom and freedom of conscience.

Abstract

Abstract: It is necessary to define the meaning, scope and range of the concepts of freedom of religion or belief and freedom of conscience, and moreover, to distinguish them from other related notions. Both fundamental rights are of the utmost importancein plural societies and are acknowledged by Human Rights International Law as well as by the Uruguayan legal system.Addressing these rights implies a high valuation of human dignity, upon which these are grounded. It is important to consider the protection granted by the State, both when they are exercised by the individual or in community with others, as well as the means toprevent eventual abuse without infringing liberties.The case of Uruguay deserves special attention, due to the development of a theoretical trend which “gives its back” to religious and conscientious phenomena, undermining positive secularity. On the contrary, this emerging form of excluding neutrality assimilatessecularity to “prescidence” (disregard, abstentionism) from religion to an anti-religious posture; denying by fact what was held as main principles.A debate on secularity – secularism and religion stands as necessary, overcoming rigid and perished postures. Democracy and an inclusive approach of secularity are the main guarantees for individuals and communities to attain full exercise of these essential rights.

Resumen: Es necesario definir el significado, alcance y extensión de los conceptos libertad religiosa y libertad de conciencia, y a su vez distinguirlos de otros conceptos afines. Ambos derechos fundamentales revisten gran importancia en la sociedad pluralistay son reconocidos por el Derecho Internacional de los Derechos Humanos y por el ordenamiento jurídico uruguayo.Referirnos a estos derechos supone valorar la dignidad de la persona humana, en la que se sustentan. Importante es considerar la tutela que de ellos realiza el Estado, tanto cuando se ejercen en forma individual como colectiva, y el modo cómo deben evitarseabusos sin herir libertades.Merece una atención especial lo sucedido en Uruguay, donde se ha verificado una postura jurídica de espaldas al hecho religioso y de conciencia, que no favorece una laicidad positiva. Por el contrario, se ha dado una neutralidad excluyente, que identifica laicidad con prescindencia o a-religiosidad; no concretizándose en la realidad lo plasmado a nivel de principios. Es necesario un debate sobre laicidad y religión, que permita abandonar posturas rígidas y anacrónicas. La democracia y una laicidad inclusiva son las principales garantías, para que las personas y los grupos puedan acceder al pleno ejercicio de estos derechos fundamentales.

Keywords

tolerance, religión, freedom of thought, consciousness, human rights, secularism, tolerancia, libertad, libertad religiosa, religion, religious freedom, Uruguay, freedom, laicismo, conciencia, derechos humanos, libertad de pensamiento

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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