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O HOLISMO QUINEANO E A CIÊNCIA SEM DOGMAS

Authors: Nascimento, Marcos Bulcão;

O HOLISMO QUINEANO E A CIÊNCIA SEM DOGMAS

Abstract

A filosofia quineana empreendeu uma espécie de "reorientação" do empirismo tradicional. O que ele nos oferece é um modo original de pensar as relações entre ciência e mundo como relações criadas fundamentalmente na e a partir da linguagem. Não existe realidade não-conceitualizada - diz Quine. Nesse contexto, a visão holista de linguagem e de ciência desempenha um papel crucial no sistema quineano. Sua importância chave reside no fato de que é precisamente a partir do holismo que a concepção empirista tradicional pode ser reorientada e, por assim dizer, "salva" de seus dois dogmas. Com efeito, é a partir dele que se mostrará que a relação entre um enunciado e a experiência não é direta e independente, mas sempre mediada por uma teoria. Um enunciado individual por si só não possui conteúdo empírico. Na verdade, ciência e mundo defrontam-se como blocos indivisíveis, sendo equivocado, portanto, pretender que ao recorte de uma teoria em enunciados corresponde um recorte análogo do mundo em fatos. Isto não é senão um dogma do empirismo. Contra, assim, a distinção analítico-sintético e o reducionismo - os dois dogmas do empirismo - é advogada uma concepção holista da ciência; e contra o empirismo dogmático, um empirismo - e, portanto, uma ciência - sem dogmas. Quinean philosophy undertook a species of "reorientation" of the traditional empiricism. What it offers us is an original way to think the relations between science and world as relations created in and around language. There is no unconceptualized reality - says Quine. In this context, the holistic view of language and science plays a crucial role in the Quinean system. Its importance lies in the fact that it is precisely from holism that the traditional empiricist conception can be reoriented and, so to speak, "saved" of its two dogmas. In effect, it is via holism that is shown that the relation between a statement and the experience is not direct and independent, but always mediated by a theory. An individual statement does not possess by itself empirical content. In fact, science and world are confronted as indivisible blocks, being misleading to think that the cutting of a theory in statements corresponds to an analogous cutting of the world in facts. This is but a dogma of empiricism. Thus, against the analytical-synthetic distinction and the reductionism - the two dogmas of the empiricism - is defended a holistic conception of science; against a dogmatic empiricism, an empiricism - and, therefore, a science - without dogmas.

Country
Colombia
Keywords

Ciencia, language, empirismo, Holismo, empiricism, Quine, holismo, Empirismo, ciência, Lenguaje, linguagem, holism, science

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green