This paper deals with differences and inequalities. The current workers' health surveillance model is discussed, pointing to the need for a gender perspective in this area. The article maintains that certain classical notions should be reviewed and that risk maps can be more useful if they are capable of identifying exposure according to gender, thus enhancing the different kinds of division of labor under which they operate. Women workers' proposals are placed alongside sociological analyses in terms of the interface between production and reproduction and the debate over the gender perspective in the health-disease process. The paper concludes with an attempt to establish a new approach to workers' health surveillance, highlighting the centralness of work and the inter-subjectiveness of determining the relationship between production and health.