The Eastern Baltic Stone Age is characterized by several major shifts in tool technology. Our picture of cultural change is currently based on typological variation in well-preserved bone tools, ceramics, stone tools, and on diversity in lithic raw-material use. These variations have partly been interpreted as the result of external influences, and partly as internal development. However, the understanding of relations with neighbouring regions is still limited. Recent decades have seen a growing interest in the chaîne opératoire approach and technological analysis, and their relevance for studying intra-site activity and development of skill, and for describing ancient technologies has been demonstrated. Technological and cultural relationships in the North European Stone Age have also been discussed within this frame. In this article, we take a new approach, employing variation in lithic technological craft traditions as proxy for investigating long-term development and variability in lines of communication. This study addresses three chronological contexts of the Latvian Stone Age, based on technological analysis of 26 sites. In describing the overall development in stone technology during the period c 10 500–2900 calBC, the article demonstrates not only technological variations but also affirms fluctuation/change in directions of social contacts throughout the Stone Age, demonstrating variation in knowledge transmission and communication routes across large geographical areas.