
handle: 10835/2044
La agricultura intensiva mediterránea ha desarrollado en el último tercio del siglo XX importantes concentraciones territoriales de la actividad productiva de frutas y hortalizas en áreas determinadas del litoral español. Las ubicaciones de estos sistemas productivos de origen agrícola responden a una mezcla de condiciones naturales, históricas, económicas e institucionales. El caso de la agricultura intensiva del Sureste andaluz puede ser útil para apreciar el carácter biunívoco, los efectos de ida y vuelta, de las relaciones entre el sector agrario y la industria suministradora de inputs y servicios para el mismo. Adicionalmente, el ejemplo de la agricultura almeriense puede servir para constatar como desde actividades o sectores no específicamente industriales, se pueden configurar y sostener tanto economías de aglomeración como dinámicas propias de un cluster a lo Porter. En este artículo se analizan los componentes de este cluster agroindustrial y su comportamiento evolutivo, para finalmente concluir si esta aglomeración productiva reúne los requisitos de un distrito industrial. PALABRAS CLAVE: Aglomeración productiva, Agricultura intensiva mediterránea, Distrito industrial, Cluster agroindustrial.
During the last decades of the 20th century, the Spanish intensive fruit and vegetable production sector has brought about relevant territorial concentrations in specific arcas along the Mediterranean coast. The locations for these agriculturally generated productive systems are the consequence of environmental, historic, economic, and institutional conditions. The case of intensive agriculture in southeast Andalusia helps to understand the correspondent character, the two-directional effects, of the relationship between the agricultural sector and the industrial sector which provides it inputs and services. Furthermore, agriculture in Almeria proves the fact that agglomeration economies and Porter like cluster dynamics can be well established and sustained based on non-industrial sectors or activi¬ties. This article analyzes components of the agricultural-industrial cluster, as well as its evolutionary behavior. Finally, it can be concluded whether this productive agglomeration meets the requirements of an industrial district. KEY WORDS: Productive Agglomeration, Mediterranean Intensive Agriculture, Industrial District, Agriculture Industrial Cluster.
Historia Económica
Historia Económica
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