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Doctoral thesis . 2021
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Efectividad de la rehabilitación física en pacientes diagnosticados con demencia tipo Alzheimer, demencia vascular, demencia con cuerpos de Lewy o mixta. Revisión bibliográfica.

Authors: Perea del Pozo, Álvaro;

Efectividad de la rehabilitación física en pacientes diagnosticados con demencia tipo Alzheimer, demencia vascular, demencia con cuerpos de Lewy o mixta. Revisión bibliográfica.

Abstract

Actualmente la demencia es una de las patologías más comunes en nuestra sociedad. Cada año se estima que se diagnostican 4,5 millones de casos nuevos, y de continuar con esta progresión constante, se calcula que en 2040 habrá alrededor de 81 millones de casos diagnosticados. La demencia engloba numerosas patologías, de las cuales la enfermedad del Alzheimer es la forma más común implicando el 60-70% de los casos. La rehabilitación de los pacientes con demencia ha sufrido una gran evolución. En un primer momento el tratamiento de estos pacientes se limitaba a la farmacología, posteriormente se unió la rehabilitación cognitiva al tratamiento farmacológico, y en los últimos años se está demostrando los beneficios de la suma de una rehabilitación física. El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica ha sido el de evaluar la efectividad de un tratamiento multimodal (basado en un entrenamiento físico de tipo aeróbico y anaeróbico) en personas mayores diagnosticadas con demencia tipo Alzheimer, demencia vascular, demencia con cuerpos de Lewy o mixta. Se han revisado un total de 22 ensayos clínicos con muestra de pacientes diagnosticados con la tipología de demencia mencionada y un rango de edad mayor de 65 años. A pesar de encontrar cierta evidencia científica contradictoria, los resultados respaldan de una manera significativa la efectividad de las terapias físicas en pacientes con estas características. Esta revisión concluye que la falta de protocolos y profesionales cualificados que adecúe la rehabilitación física a las necesidades del paciente, podría estar detrás de una menor efectividad de estos tratamientos. Abstract: Dementia is currently one of the most common pathologies in our society. Each year an estimated 4.5 million new cases are diagnosed, and if this steady progression continues, it is estimated that by 2040 there will be around 81 million diagnosed cases. Dementia encompasses numerous pathologies, of which Alzheimer's disease is the most common form involving 60-70% of cases. The rehabilitation of patients with dementia has undergone a great evolution. At first the treatment of these patients was limited to pharmacology, later cognitive rehabilitation was added to pharmacological treatment, and in recent years the benefits of the addition of physical rehabilitation are being demonstrated. The aim of this literature review has been to assess the effectiveness of multimodal treatment (based on aerobic and anaerobic fitness training) in older people diagnosed with Alzheimer's type dementia, vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies or mixed dementia. A total of 22 clinical trials have been reviewed with a sample of patients diagnosed with the above-mentioned typology of dementia and an age range greater than 65 years. Despite finding some contradictory scientific evidence, the results significantly support the effectiveness of physical therapies in patients with these characteristics. This review concludes that the lack of protocols and qualified professionals to tailor physical rehabilitation to the needs of the patient may be behind the reduced effectiveness of these treatments.

Country
Spain
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Keywords

Strength exercise, Ejercicio de fuerza, Personas mayores, Demencia, Ejercicio físico multimodal, Dementia, Ejercicio aeróbico, Older people, Physical multimodal exercise, Trabajo Fin de Máster de la Universidad de Almería, Physiotherapy, Fisioterapia, Aerobic exercise

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green