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Influencia del clima social escolar en la aparición del síndrome de Burnout en docentes

Authors: Rodríguez Casado, Beatriz;

Influencia del clima social escolar en la aparición del síndrome de Burnout en docentes

Abstract

RESUMEN: No cabe duda que el síndrome de burnout, conocido coloquialmente como “estar quemado por el trabajo”, está presente en numerosas profesiones, como en el caso de los profesores, donde en los últimos años, se ha convertido en objeto de estudio, puesto que el trabajo docente está expuesto constantemente a numerosos cambios y críticas, culpabilizando incluso en algunas ocasiones, a los docentes de ciertas actuaciones del alumnado que no son de su competencia, es por ello, que al estar constantemente en el punto de mira, cada vez son más los casos de burnout dentro del ámbito educativo. La presente investigación ha sido realizada mediante una revisión bibliográfica, enfocada a dar respuesta al objetivo que más adelante se plantea: analizar la influencia directa y significativa del clima social escolar en la aparición del síndrome de burnout en docentes. Objetivo al que se dará respuesta gracias al análisis de 10 artículos, procedentes de diferentes bases de datos: Dialnet Plus, Scielo y Redalyc, todos los artículos proceden del ámbito educativo, psicológico y de la salud, publicados entre el año 2010 y 2019. Los resultados de estos artículos revelan que efectivamente, los elementos que componen el clima social escolar de los centros educativos influyen significativamente en la aparición del burnout en docentes, puesto que no es lo mismo el trabajo y las relaciones en un clima social escolar positivo, donde hay apoyo entre compañeros/as, directivos… comunicación docente – discente, familia y una convivencia positiva, a un clima social escolar tóxico, en el que predominan las discusiones, las rencillas y la falta de comunicación y empatía entre todos los componentes de la comunidad educativa. Es por ello, que dichos elementos afectan a las diferentes dimensiones del burnout: despersonalización, agotamiento y realización, siendo la dimensión de agotamiento, en concreto el agotamiento emocional, la más afectada. Abstract: There is no doubt that burnout syndrome, known in a colloquial language like ‘’ to be burn by the job’’, is present in numerous professions, as in the case of teachers, where in last years it has turned into a study object. Teacher work is exposed constantly to a lot of changes and critiques and sometimes teachers are even blamed for some student actions which are not their competence. (otro punto meteria) For this reason, they are constantly in the point of view and there are more and more burnout cases in the education field. This current investigation has been made by a bibliographic review focus on giving an answer to the follow aim: to analyse the direct and significant influence of the school and social atmosphere in the appearance of burnout syndrome in teachers. This aim will be resolved by the analysis of 10 articles which belong to different databases: Dialnet Plus, Scielo y Redalyc. All of the articles belong to education, psychological and health field published between 2010 y 2019. The results of these articles show, effectively, the elements that make up the school social climate in schools have a significant influence on the burnout appearance in teachers, since it is not the same the work and relationships in a positive educative social climate, where there is an aid between teachers-teachers managers…student-teacher communication, family and a positive living together, as a negative educative social climate, where dominating disputes, arguments and the lack of communication and emphaty between all members of the educational community. For this reason, these elements affect the different dimensions of burnout: depersonalization, exhaustion and fulfillment, with the exhaustion dimension, specifically emotional exhaustion the most affected.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

influence, burnout, desmotivación, influencia, school social climate, clima escolar, clima social escolar, teacher stress, school atmosphere, lack of motivation, Trabajo Fin de Máster de la Universidad de Almería, estrés docente

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    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green