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Autocuidado y adherencia en pacientes con falla cardiaca

Authors: Achury Saldaña, Diana Marcela;

Autocuidado y adherencia en pacientes con falla cardiaca

Abstract

Objetivo: determinar la adherencia al tratamiento de pacientes con falla cardiaca hospitalizados, al aplicar un plan educativo que fomenta el autocuidado.Método: estudio cuasiexperimental (entrevistas enfermera-paciente) realizado entre diciembre de 2004 y mayo de 2006, con una muestra de 50 pacientes seleccionados por conveniencia. Se diseñó un instrumento para evaluar los comportamientos de los pacientes, con base en algunos resultados de la adherencia y sus respectivos indicadores de la taxonomía NOC (Nursing out comes classification). La adherencia al tratamiento fue medida en dos momentos: el primero durante la hospitalización, seguido de la aplicación del plan educativo antes del alta, que proporcionaba información en el manejo de su enfermedad desde una dimensión física, psicológica y social que promueve el autocuidado; y el segundo un mes después del alta en su domicilio.Resultados: diferencias estadísticamente significativas (P=0,0001) que demuestran cómo mediante la capacitación al paciente en el manejo de su tratamiento farmacológico y no farmacológico, el establecimiento de una sana relación entre el profesional de enfermería y el paciente, y la participación de la familia, se logra una total adherencia al tratamiento.Conclusiones: para lograr una adherencia total del paciente con falla cardiaca al tratamiento es necesario un proceso educativo y un seguimiento continuo y personalizado que motive permanentemente al paciente y se le reconozca el papel protagónico en su cuidado y manejo de la enfermedad.

Objective: Determine adherence to treatment among hospitalized patients with heart failure, following the implementation of an educational plan to promote self-care.Method: A quasi-experimental study (nurse-patient interviews) was carried out between December 2004 and May 2006 with a convenience sample of 50 patients. An instrument was designed to assess the patients' behavior based on a set of adherence results and their respective NOC indicators (Nursing Outcomes Classification). Adherence to treatment was measured at two points in time: the first during hospitalization, followed by application of the educational plan prior to release, which provided information on management of the patient's illness from a physical, psychological and social perspective that promotes self-care; and the second, one month after release, in the patient's home.Results: Statistically significant differences (P=0.0001) showing how total adherence to treatment can be achieved by training the patient to manage his/her pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment, by establishing a healthy relationship between the nursing professional and the patient, and by involving the family.Conclusions: An educational process, coupled with continuous, personalized follow-up that motivates the patient and makes him/her aware of their leading roleeng in the care and management of their illness is necessary for total adherence to treatment by a patient with heart failure.

Objetivo: estabelecer a aderência ao tratamento de pacientes hospitalizados com parada cardíaca aplicando um plano educativo que promove o auto-cuidado.Método: estudo quase-experimental (entrevistas enfermeira-paciente) realizado entre dezembro de 2004 e maio de 2006 com una amostra de 50 pacientes selecionados por conveniência. Para avaliar os comportamentos dos pacientes, foi desenhado um instrumento baseado em resultados da aderência e os seus respectivos indicadores da taxonomia NOC (Nursing out comes classification). A aderência o tratamento foi medida em dois momentos: o primeiro durante a hospitalização, seguido da aplicação do plano educativo antes da alta, que proporcionou informação no manejo da doença desde una perspectiva física, psicológica e social que promove o auto-cuidado; o segundo, um mês depois da alta, em casa.Resultados: diferencias estatisticamente significativas (P = 0.001) revelam que a capacitação do paciente no manejo do tratamento farmacológico e não farmacológico, o estabelecimento de uma boa relação entre o profissional da enfermagem e o paciente, e a participação da família favorecem a aderência total ao tratamento.Conclusões: para o paciente lograr uma aderência total ao tratamento, é requerido um processo educativo e um acompanhamento continuo e pessoalizado que motive permanentemente ao paciente. Também deve ser reconhecido o seu papel de protagonista no seu cuidado e no manejo da doença.

Country
Colombia
Related Organizations
Keywords

enfermedad crónica, Autocuidado, Self care, RT1-120, Aftercare, DeCS, Social Sciences, Nursing, Auto-cuidado, Enfermedades cardiovasculares -- Enfermería, Sistema cardiovascular -- Enfermedades, H, Circulación sanguínea -- Trastornos -- Enfermería, cuidados posteriores, assistência ao convalescente, Bireme)., chronic disease, enfermedad crónica. (Fuente, doença crônica

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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