Sangiovese, the most widespread red berry Italian wine variety, occupies 69790 ha of the total national vine surface. Just in Emilia Romagna, predominantly in the hillsides from Imola to Rimini, this variety covers over 8000 ha, roughly 13, 4% of the region’s vine surface. As part of the C.R.P.V. project “Viticultural zoning of the Romagna hills”, 15 vineyards of Sangiovese with similar age, plant densities and training systems but different altitudes were identified and their pedologic characteristics accurately described. The results show that altitude and the geology of the soil, and consequent deriving soil characteristics, are the main environmental factors that influence production, sugar level and anthocyanins content in the Sangiovese variety. In fact, also the final wines show a different colour intensity, structure and aroma depending on the soil type.