This chapter is aimed at investigating on the one hand how and how far everyday mental processes may be also found in the judicial context, on the other hand what is specific of the judicial context. The chapter contributes to the theoretical discussion on generality versus specificity of people's competence, as wlle as on the possibility to transfer competnce from one domain to anoher. On a more applied terrain, the chapter offers suggestiones for training judges and developing their ability to interact with lay jurors.