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Efecto del estado nutricional materno y de la suplementación prenatal con hierro sobre el crecimiento fetal.

Authors: Díaz Torres, Sandra;

Efecto del estado nutricional materno y de la suplementación prenatal con hierro sobre el crecimiento fetal.

Abstract

Esta tesis doctoral examina el efecto del estado nutricional materno y la suplementación prenatal con hierro sobre el crecimiento fetal, fundamental para la salud perinatal del recién nacido. Se resalta la relación entre el bajo peso al nacer y ser pequeño para la edad gestacional con un mayor riesgo de complicaciones perinatales y enfermedades crónicas en la adultez. La investigación, a través del ensayo clínico ECLIPSES realizado en Tarragona, España, con 793 mujeres embarazadas no anémicas, muestra que la adherencia a una dieta mediterránea reduce el riesgo de nacimientos pequeños para la edad gestacional, independientemente del peso materno y el contexto socioeconómico. Además, se encontró que la suplementación con hierro debe ser dosificada con cuidado, ya que dosis excesivas pueden aumentar el riesgo de hijos con tamaños fuera del rango normal, y niveles altos de ferritina materna se asocian con un mayor riesgo de crecimiento fetal reducido. La tesis concluye que una nutrición materna adecuada y una gestión precisa de la suplementación con hierro son vitales para optimizar el crecimiento fetal y prevenir complicaciones perinatales, sugiriendo la necesidad de estrategias de salud pública y programas educativos que promuevan una dieta equilibrada y la personalización de la suplementación según las necesidades individuales.

Aquesta tesi doctoral examina l'efecte de l'estat nutricional matern i la suplementació prenatal amb ferro sobre el creixement fetal, fonamental per a la salut perinatal del nadó. Es ressalta la relació entre el baix pes en néixer i ser petit per a l'edat gestacional amb un major risc de complicacions perinatals i malalties cròniques en l'edat adulta. La investigació, a través de l'assaig clínic ECLIPSES realitzat a Tarragona, Espanya, amb 793 dones embarassades no anèmiques, mostra que l'adhesió a una dieta mediterrània redueix el risc de naixements petits per a l'edat gestacional, independentment del pes matern i el context socioeconòmic. A més, es va trobar que la suplementació amb ferro ha de ser dosificada amb cura, ja que dosis excessives poden augmentar el risc de tenir fills amb mides fora del rang normal, i nivells alts de ferritina materna s'associen amb un major risc de creixement fetal reduït. La tesi conclou que una nutrició materna adequada i una gestió precisa de la suplementació amb ferro són vitals per optimitzar el creixement fetal i prevenir complicacions perinatals, suggerint la necessitat d'estratègies de salut pública i programes educatius que promoguin una dieta equilibrada i la personalització de la suplementació segons les necessitats individuals.

This doctoral thesis examines the effect of maternal nutritional status and prenatal iron supplementation on fetal growth, which is crucial for the perinatal health of the newborn. It highlights the relationship between low birth weight and being small for gestational age with a higher risk of perinatal complications and chronic diseases in adulthood. The research, conducted through the ECLIPSES clinical trial in Tarragona, Spain, with 793 non-anemic pregnant women, shows that adherence to a Mediterranean diet reduces the risk of small-for-gestational-age births, regardless of maternal weight and socioeconomic context. Additionally, it was found that iron supplementation must be carefully dosed, as excessive doses can increase the risk of having children with sizes outside the normal range, and high maternal ferritin levels are associated with a greater risk of reduced fetal growth. The thesis concludes that adequate maternal nutrition and precise management of iron supplementation are vital for optimizing fetal growth and preventing perinatal complications, suggesting the need for public health strategies and educational programs that promote a balanced diet and the personalization of supplementation according to individual needs.

Keywords

estado nutricional materno, maternal nutritinal status, Ciències de la salut, 61, prenatal iron supplementation, suplementación prenatal hierro, estat nutricional matern, 00, suplementació prenatal amb ferro, crecimiento fetal, 618, creixement fetal, 615, fetal growth

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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