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TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa)
Doctoral thesis . 2019
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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Doctoral thesis . 2019
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Anestèsia regional per a endarterectomia carotídia. 6 anys d’experiència

Authors: Ramió Iglesias, Laura;

Anestèsia regional per a endarterectomia carotídia. 6 anys d’experiència

Abstract

Introducció: L’estenosi carotídia causa el 20-25% dels accidents cerebrals vasculars d’origen isquèmic. L’endarterectomia carotídia (EC) es manté com a gold standard en els pacients amb alt grau d’estenosi en l’artèria caròtida interna per a la revascularització carotídia i la prevenció de l’infart cerebral subseqüent. La qüestió de l’anestèsia ideal per la EC ha estat un debat continu des de la primera intervenció. Hi ha evidència científica que les diferents tècniques anestèsiques no són equiparables ni en seguretat ni en qualitat. Així les coses i amb la presumpció que els millor resultats es podien obtenir de l’anestèsia peridural cervical associada a l’anestèsia del plexe cervical superficial, un nou protocol multidisciplinar s’instaura al nostre centre. La nostra opció es basa en la màxima cobertura analgèsica-anestèsica de la combinació de les dues tècniques (anestèsia peridural més plexe cervical superficial), en la major estabilitat hemodinàmica i en la reducció d’estada hospitalària de l’anestèsia regional vs general. El nostre objectiu principal és descriure la qualitat analgèsica-anestèsica de la tècnica. Material i mètodes: Es tracta d’un estudi observacional, descriptiu i retrospectiu. Es van estudiar de forma retrospectiva durant 6 anys (2009-2015) tots els pacients sotmesos a endarterectomia carotídia (EC). Per comparar l’estada hospitalària es van analitzar de forma restrospectiva les dades dels pacients intervinguts entre el 2003 i el 2008, quan la EC es realitzava mitjançant una anestèsia general. Resultats: Es va incloure un total de 88 pacients realitzats sota anestèsia regional i 30 pacients realitzats sota anestèsia general. En les variables principals relacionades amb la qualitat anestèsica es va trobar que un 4,5 % de pacients va requerir complementar amb anestèsic local i 11,2% amb opioids. Cap pacient va desenvolupar un IAM als 30 dies. En un 3,4 % dels casos va ser necessària una conversió a una anestèsia general. Pel que fa a la seguretat de la tècnica anestèsica, no es va trobar cap complicació vital. Es va observar una reducció de l’estada hospitalària de 2 dies en el grup d’anestèsia regional. El cost d’aquests dos dies sumat a l’estalvi en material va representar un estalvi entre 1.688,16 i 2.978,26 euros/pacient. Conclusions: Es va trobar una bona qualitat anestèsica-analgèsica amb l’anestèsia regional, donada la baixa necessitat de infiltració per part del cirurgià, la baixa necessitat d’opioid intraoperatori, la nul·la incidència d’IAM postoperatori i la baixa conversió a una anestèsia general. Hi va haver poques complicacions derivades de la tècnica anestèsica i aquestes van ser lleus. També es va observar una reducció del cost del procediment en el grup regional derivat de la reducció en l’estada hospitalària i de la reducció del consum de material.

Introduction: Carotid stenosis is the cause of 20-25% of all vascular cerebral accidents of ischemic origin. Carotid endarterectomy (CE) is still the gold standard in patients with a high degree stenosis of the internal carotid artery for carotid revascularization and subsequent cerebral stroke prevention. Looking for the ideal anaesthetic technique for CE procedures has been a continuous debate since the first intervention. Scientific evidences show that different anaesthetic techniques are not comparable neither in safety nor in quality . Thus, and with the presumption that the best results could be obtained from one cervical epidural anaesthesia combined with anaesthesia of the superficial cervical plexus, a new multidisciplinary protocol was implemented in our setting. Our choice was based on the maximum anaesthetic-analgesic coverage of the combination of the two techniques (peridural anesthesia plus superficial cervical plexus), on a greater hemodynamic stability and on the reduction of hospital stay of the regional vs. general anaesthesia. Our main objective is to describe the analgesic-anesthetic quality of the tecnical. Material and methods: It is an observational, descriptive and retrospective study. We retrospectively analysed during a period of 6 years (2009-2015) all patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CE). In order to compare hospital stay, data from patients who underwent the same procedure under general anaesthesia between 2003 and 2008 were analysed retrospectively. Results: A total of 88 patients in the regional anaesthesia group and 30 patients in the general anaesthesia group were included. In terms of anaesthetic quality variables, we observed that 4.5% of patients required complementary local anaesthetic dosage and 11.2% complementary opioids. No patient developed MI at 30 days. In 3.4% of cases, one conversion to general anaesthesia was required. Regarding to anaesthetic technique safety, no vital complications were observed. There was a reduction of hospital length of stay of 2 days in the regional anaesthesia group. The cost of these two days plus material savings represented a saving between 1688.16 and 2978.26 euros per patient. Conclusions: A good anaesthetic-analgesic quality of the regional anesthesia technique was observed due to the following findings: less intraoperative infiltration requirements by the surgeon, less use of intraoperative opioids, no incidence of postoperative MI and less conversion into general anaesthesia. There were only a few complications related to the regional anaesthetic technique without severity. We observed savings in procedure costs due to a shorter hospital stay and to reduced material use in the regional group.

Country
Spain
Keywords

Cervical epidural, Carotid endarterectomy, Endarterectomiacarotídia, 616.1, Regional anaesthesia, Ciències de la Salut, Anestesia regional, Anestèsia regional, Epidural cervical, Endarterectomiacarotidia

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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