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Innovaciones en el entrenamiento de músculos respiratorios en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) : Diseño de una válvula dual digital con incentivos visual y sonoro, diseño de un software de registro y control del entrenamiento, y evaluación del impacto de un nuevo esquema de entrenamiento corto de alta intensidad

Authors: Cáceres Rivera, Diana Isabel;

Innovaciones en el entrenamiento de músculos respiratorios en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) : Diseño de una válvula dual digital con incentivos visual y sonoro, diseño de un software de registro y control del entrenamiento, y evaluación del impacto de un nuevo esquema de entrenamiento corto de alta intensidad

Abstract

INTRODUCCIÓN: La debilidad y fatiga de los músculos respiratorios se relacionan con el deterioro clínico (síntomas, signos) y funcional en pacientes con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica (EPOC). Dado que el entrenamiento muscular respiratorio (EMR) constituye una estrategia terapéutica fundamental para estos pacientes, es necesario aumentar su difusión a gran escala, mejorar la adherencia de los pacientes, y optimizar el control de la ejecución del entrenamiento. El objetivo principal de este proyecto fue diseñar un dispositivo de EMR con incentivo luminoso y sonoro, aplicación digital de registro y análisis de las sesiones de entrenamiento, y a la vez, estudiar la efectividad de un esquema de EMR de alta intensidad y corta duración que, en conjunto, ofrecieran un valor añadido para mejorar la aplicación del entrenamiento en pacientes con EPOC. MÉTODOS: Desde el punto de vista operativo, las investigaciones se organizaron en tres paquetes de trabajo complementarios dirigidas a: 1) diseño de una nueva válvula dual portátil con componentes electrónicos de incentivo lumínico y auditivo, 2) la conceptualización y diseño de un software de análisis del funcionamiento y uso individual y continuado de la válvula, y 3) la evaluación de la eficacia de un esquema acortado de EMR en pacientes con EPOC estable mediante ensayo clínico aleatorizado. RESULTADOS: Se realizó la invención y desarrollo de un sistema integrado de una válvula dual (inspiratoria y espiratoria) y su software de calibración, adecuación, registro y análisis individual para el EMR. Las intervenciones permitieron demostrar que el entrenamiento muscular inspiratorio y espiratorio aporta valor añadido al entrenamiento físico general, con una respuesta ante el entrenamiento en una o más variables funcionales en el 86% de los pacientes. Los pacientes que realizaron entrenamiento general + EMR de corta duración y alta intensidad, obtuvieron mejorías significativas en los valores de PImax, PEmax, Watt, Watt/VO2peak y 6mWT. (p<0,05). CONCLUSIONES: La invención de una nueva válvula de EMR con incentivador lumínico y sonoro, el diseño de un innovador software relacionado con su uso, así como la identificación de la eficacia y seguridad un nuevo esquema de EMR de alta intensidad y corta duración, supervisado y autoadministrado, aportan innovación tecnológica y terapéutica con relevancia clínica potencial referente al manejo no-farmacológico de los pacientes con EPOC. Es importante destacar que estas estrategias pueden aumentar la difusión del EMR tanto en entornos hospitalarios como ambulatorios.

INTRODUCTION: Respiratory muscle weakness and fatigue are related to clinical deterioration in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Respiratory muscle training (RMT) is a key therapeutic strategy in these patients. It is necessary therefore to increase its dissemination on a large scale, improve patient´s adherence and optimize the control of the implementation of training. The aim of this project was to design a RMT device including light and sound incentives, digital registration application and analysis of the training sessions, and studying the effectiveness of a new shortened RMT scheme of high intensity that could provide added value to enhance the implementation of training in patients with COPD. METHODS: From an operational point of view, researches were organized into three packages of complementary work focused on the design of a new portable dual valve with electronic lighting and auditory incentives components. The conceptualization and design of software to analyze the performance and individual continuous use of the valve, and the evaluation of the feasibility, safety and efficacy of a shortened schedule of respiratory muscle training in adult patients with COPD were realized. RESULTS: The invention of an integrated dual valve system (inspiratory and expiratory) and its calibration software, adaptation, recording, individual analysis for respiratory muscle training was developed. Interventions allowed showing that inspiratory and expiratory muscle training added value to the general physical training with a response in one or more functional variables in 86% of patients. In fact, the most important occurred in those receiving respiratory training together with high overall intensity more inspiratory and / or expiratory. Patients who perform general training + Shortened RMT of high intensity obtained significant improvements values in PImax, PEmax, Watt, Watt/VO2peak y 6mWT. (p<0,05). CONCLUSIONS: The invention of a new valve of respiratory muscle training with lighting and sound incentive, the design of an innovative software related to its use, and the identification of the efficacy and safety of a new shortened scheme of respiratory muscle training (supervised and self-administered) bring technological and services innovation with potential clinical relevance regarding non-pharmacological management of patients with COPD. These strategies could increase the spread of respiratory muscle training in both hospital and outpatient settings.

Programa de doctorat en Biomedicina

Country
Spain
Keywords

Dispositivo médico, Músculos respiratorios, Medical decive, Respiratory muscle training, COPD, 616.2, EPOC, Ejercicios respiratorios, Respiratory muscle

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green