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TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa)
Doctoral thesis . 2017
License: CC BY NC ND
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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Doctoral thesis . 2017
License: CC BY NC ND
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Prevención del sangrado postoperatorio en fracturas subcapitales de fémur tratadas mediante sustitución protésica: eficacia y seguridad del ácido tranexámico y la cola de fibrina

Authors: Jordán Sales, Marcos;

Prevención del sangrado postoperatorio en fracturas subcapitales de fémur tratadas mediante sustitución protésica: eficacia y seguridad del ácido tranexámico y la cola de fibrina

Abstract

Objetivos: El objetivo principal del estudio fue evaluar la eficacia y la seguridad del ácido tranexámico y de la cola de fibrina administrados vía tópica en pacientes intervenidos de fractura subcapital de fémur mediante artroplastia de cadera. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, aleatorizado, multicéntrico y paralelo en pacientes con fractura de cadera que precisaron sustitución protésica, comparando tres grupos: un grupo control en el que sólo se realizó hemostasia habitual, un grupo de recibió 1g de ácido tranexámico (ATX) (Amchafibrin®) tópico al final de la cirugía y otro grupo que recibió 10 ml de cola de fibrina (CF) comercializada (Evicel), igualmente tópica al final de la cirugía. Se estudió como variable principal la pérdida sanguínea recogida en los redones y como variables secundarias la sangre total perdida calculada por la fórmula de Nadler, la sangre oculta perdida, las transfusiones realizadas y el número de concentrados de hematíes utilizados, la estancia media hospitalaria, las complicaciones, los eventos adversos y la mortalidad. Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 158 pacientes, 50 en el grupo control, 52 en el grupo con ATX y 56 en el grupo con CF. En el análisis por intención de tratar, el sangrado total recogido por los redones, la sangre total perdida y la sangre oculta perdida fue menor en el grupo de ATX sin significación estadística respecto a los otros grupos (p=0,178, p=0,063 y p=0,321 respectivamente). En el análisis por protocolo, los resultados fueron similares excepto que en el grupo de ATX la sangre total perdida fue menor de forma significativa (p=0.048), comparativamente con los otros grupos. Respecto a la tasa transfusional, en el grupo de ATX el 33% de los pacientes necesitó transfusión, frente al 43% de los pacientes del grupo de CF y un 44% del grupo control (p=0,431). No existieron complicaciones ni afectos adversos relacionados con las intervenciones evaluadas. Conclusiones: La utilización del ATX ( 1g) y de la CF (10 ml) administrados de forma tópica antes del cierre quirúrgico en los pacientes con una fractura subcapital de fémur intervenidos con artroplastia de cadera no redujo significativamente ni la pérdida sanguínea postoperatoria por los redones ni la tasa transfusional, comparados con un grupo similar en que sólo se realizó hemostasia habitual. La cola de fibrina y el ácido tranexámico tópico a las dosis utilizadas fueron tratamientos seguros.

Objectives: The main objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid and fibrin sealant administered topically in patients with a femoral neck fracture operated with a hip arthroplasty. Material and methods: A prospective, randomized, multicentric and parallel study was performed in patients with hip fracture requiring prosthetic replacement. We compared three groups: a control group with only usual hemostasis, a group that received 1 g of topical tranexamic acid (TXA) (Amchafibrin®) at the end of the surgery and a group that received 10 ml of topical fibrin sealant (FS) (Evicel®) at the end of the surgery. Blood loss collected in the blood drains was studied as the main variable and were also analyzed other secondary variables such us: the total blood loss calculated by the Nadler´s formula, the hidden blood loss, the transfusions performed and the number of hemoglobin concentrates used, the average hospital stay, complications, adverse events and mortality. Results: A total of 158 patients were included, 50 in the control group, 52 in the TXA group and 56 in the FS group. In the intention-to-treat analysis, the total bleeding collected by the drains, the total lost blood and the hidden blood loss was lower in the TXA group without statistical significance in relation with the other groups (p=0.178, p=0.063 and p=0.321 respectively). In the protocol analysis, the results were similar except that the group of TXA showed significantly lower total blood loss compared with the other groups (p=0.048). Regarding the transfusion rate, 33% of the patients needed transfusion in the TXA group, compared to 43% in the FS group and 44% in the control group (p=0.431). There were no complications or adverse affects related to the evaluated interventions. Conclusions: The use of TXA (1 g) and FS (10 ml) administered topically prior to surgical closure in patients with a femoral neck fracture operated with hip arthroplasty did not significantly reduce either postoperative blood loss or the transfusion rate compared with a similar group in which only received usual hemostasis. Fibrin sealant and topical tranexamic acid, at the doses used, were safe treatments.

Country
Spain
Keywords

Femoral neck fracutre, Topic tranexamic acid, Fibrin sealant, Ácido tranexámico tópico, 617, Fractura subcapital de fèmur, Cola de fibrina, Ciències de la Salut, Fractura supcapital de fémur, Àcid tranexàmic tòpic

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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