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Eficàcia, seguretat i abandonament del tractament farmacològic del trastorn per dèficit d’atenció amb hiperactivitat en pacients adults

Authors: Cunill Clotet, Ruth;

Eficàcia, seguretat i abandonament del tractament farmacològic del trastorn per dèficit d’atenció amb hiperactivitat en pacients adults

Abstract

There are concerns about the benefit-risk ratio of pharmacologic interventions for ADHD in adults, especially in patients with ADHD and substance use disorder (SUD). Four systematic reviews of randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials in adult patients with ADHD and in patients with ADHD and SUD were performed. Data were combined using meta-analysis. Pharmacological treatment for ADHD was moderately efficacious in improving ADHD symptom severity, but it was associated with more frequent adverse events and a slightly higher treatment discontinuation compared to placebo. The results were more favourable when treatment was administered with psychotherapy, when psychostimulant drugs were used, when efficacy was assessed by investigators, when previously-treated patients were included, in short-term studies and in studies that included a lead-in phase. In patients with ADHD and SUD pharmacological treatment reduced ADHD symptom severity but did not improve neither drug abstinence nor treatment discontinuation

Existeixen dubtes sobre la seva relació benefici-risc dels medicaments per al tractament del TDAH en adults, sobretot en pacients amb TDAH i trastorn per ús de substàncies (TUS). S’han realitzat quatre revisions sistemàtiques metanalítiques d’assajos clínics aleatoritzats de pacients adults amb TDAH i de pacients amb TDAH i TUS. Els medicaments pel TDAH disminueixen moderadament la gravetat dels símptomes, però s’associen a una major aparició d’efectes adversos i a un petit augment de l’abandonament del tractament en comparació amb el placebo. Els resultats són més favorables quan els medicaments s’administren amb psicoteràpia, quan s’utilitzen psicoestimulants, quan l’avaluador de l’eficàcia és l’investigador, en pacients que han estat prèviament tractats amb psicoestimulants, en els estudis de curta durada i en els que fan servir un període de preinclusió. En pacients amb TDAH i TUS els medicaments pel TDAH milloren la gravetat del TDAH, però no l’abstinència de substàncies ni l’abandonament del tractament

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Spain
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Keywords

Metanàlisi, Tesis i dissertacions acadèmiques, Efficacy, Treatment discontinuation, Substance use disorder, Trastorn per ús de substàncies, Metanálisis, Meta-analysis, 616.89 - Psiquiatria. Psicopatologia, Eficacia, Abandonament del tractament, 616.89, ADHD, Abandono del tratamiento, Adults, TDAH, Eficàcia, Adultos, Trastorno por uso de sustancias

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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