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La verdad, las confesiones judiciales y la memoria del conflicto en el proceso de justicia transicional de Colombia

Authors: Benavides Vanegas, Farid Samir;

La verdad, las confesiones judiciales y la memoria del conflicto en el proceso de justicia transicional de Colombia

Abstract

El discurso de la justicia transicional es reciente en Colombia. En los procesos de paz de la década del noventa no se hablaba de justicia transicional y no se aplicaban los mecanismos que hoy reconocemos como propios de ese campo. La paz se entendía como mera paz negativa y como una forma de acceder a la participación política. Con la desmovilización de los grupos paramilitares, en el año 2005, el país se enfrentó a un nueva negociación de paz y por tanto a la necesidad de tomar decisiones institucionales que permitieran la superación del pasado. En un primer momento se pensó en acudir a los mecanismos tradicionales de los procesos de paz de Colombia, pero luego el mecanismo finalmente adoptado se enmarcó dentro de un lenguaje de justicia transicional. En este trabajo pretendo dar respuesta a varias preguntas. La pregunta central es ¿cuál es el valor de la verdad judicial dentro de la justicia transicional? Es una pregunta que apunta a establecer una relación entre la verdad del proceso judicial, mucho más formal y ordinaria, y la verdad que se supone debe surgir de la aplicación de los mecanismos de justicia transicional, mucho más informal y extraordinaria. Si bien el paradigma de verdad es el de la Comisión de la Verdad, lo cierto es que la justicia penal cumple un papel central dentro de la justicia transicional y, por tanto, su verdad también es relevante para determinar qué sucedió en el pasado y para superarlo. Al lado de esta pregunta pretendo dar respuesta a dos preguntas más: ¿Cómo contribuye la verdad judicial a la memoria? y ¿cuál es la importancia de la verdad judicial frente a la verdad histórica?

The discourse of transitional justice in Colombia is recent. In the peace processes of the 1990s there was no talk of transitional justice and the mechanisms we now recognize as typical of that field were not applied. Peace was seen as negative peace, that is just the elimination of direct violence. Peace negotiations aimed at political participation of the demobilized rebels, but that was just it. 8 With the demobilization of paramilitary groups, in 2005, the country embarked again in a new peace negotiations and therefore it had to deal with the need to make institutional arrangements to overcome the past. At first it was thought that traditional mechanisms of the peace processes in Colombia would suffice, but the mechanisms that were adopted had to be framed in a language of transitional justice. This dissertation aims to answer several questions. The central question is what is the value of judicial truth within transitional justice? This is a question that aims to establish a relationship between judicial truth, much more formal and regular, and the truth that comes out of the application of transitional justice mechanisms, much more informal and extraordinary. While the paradigm of truth is the truth commission, the fact is that criminal justice plays a central role in transitional justice and, therefore, its truth is also important to determine what happened in the past. Next to this question I intend to answer two more questions: What is the contribution of judicial truth to the memory of the past? And, what is the importance of judicial truth against historical truth?

Programa de doctorat en Dret

Keywords

Justicia transicional, Colombia, 34

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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