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Depresión postparto, hostilidad y hábitos de salud

Authors: Adam Torres, Gloria;

Depresión postparto, hostilidad y hábitos de salud

Abstract

Existen numerosos trabajos sobre el papel de la hostilidad en la propensión a los trastornos coronarios y acerca de su impacto sobre los hábitos de salud. Sin embargo, pocas investigaciones han examinado la influencia de la hostilidad en los trastornos emocionales, siendo todavía más escasos los estudios sobre la repercusión de la hostilidad en la forma de afrontar la transición a la maternidad y los cambios que ésta acarrea. La presente investigación se dividió en tres estudios: en el primero se analizaron los principales modelos factoriales propuestos en la literatura anterior para el instrumento Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) en una muestra de mujeres puérperas y a través de una serie de análisis factoriales confirmatorios. Los resultados mostraron que el modelo reducido de 12 ítems del BPAQ es el único que alcanza los criterios psicométricos (nivel de ajuste y consistencia interna adecuados) para la evaluación de la hostilidad tanto en mujeres puérperas sanas como deprimidas. En el segundo, se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal en dos fases para identificar las variables asociadas a la depresión postparto en el puerperio y un estudio prospectivo de cohortes para analizar la influencia de la hostilidad sobre el curso evolutivo de la sintomatología depresiva al año del parto. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que la hostilidad actúa como factor predictor de la aparición de un episodio depresivo mayor en el puerperio y como factor de mantenimiento de la sintomatología depresiva al año del parto. El objetivo del tercer estudio fue evaluar las diferencias entre las madres con puntuaciones elevadas en hostilidad y las madres con puntuaciones bajas en hostilidad en relación a los hábitos de salud y la calidad de vida en el postparto. Entre las mujeres más hostiles se evidenció la presencia de un mayor consumo de tabaco y alcohol durante el postparto, peores hábitos de salud reproductiva (menor planificación del embarazo y lactancia artificial) y peor bienestar emocional. Los resultados de esta tesis tienen aplicabilidad clínica orientada a la detección precoz de mujeres con rasgos de personalidad de riesgo para el desarrollo de una depresión postparto y que se podrían beneficiar de intervenciones preventivas y/o tempranas.

Numerous studies have attempted to explain the role of hostility in the propensity to coronary disorders and its influence on health habits. Nonetheless, little research has examined the influence of hostility on the emotional disorders, with even fewer studies focusing on the impact of hostility on the transition to motherhood and the changes that it involves. This research was divided into three studies. The first study used confirmatory factor analyses with data from postpartum women to examine de psychometric properties of three previously proposed models for the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). The 12-item refined model received strong overall support, showing good fit to the data and adequate internal consistency, both in depressed and healthy postpartum women. In the second study, a two-stage cross-sectional study was performed to explore the factors associated with PPD in the puerperium. In addition, a prospective cohort study was carried out to analyze the influence of hostility on the course of depressive symptomatology one-year after delivery. The results showed that hostility is associated with the onset of major postpartum depression, and also with the maintenance of depressive symptomatology at one-year follow-up. The aim of the third study was to evaluate the differences between mother with high scores on hostility and mothers with low scores on hostility in relation to health habits and the quality of life in the puerperium. Among the most hostile women was found the presence of an increased consumption of alcohol and tobacco during the postpartum, worse reproductive health habits (lower pregnancy planning, and artificial breastfeeding), and worse mental well-being. Our findings have clinical implications focused on the detection of subgroups of women with an increased vulnerability to postpartum depression in whom early intervention may be of benefit.

Country
Spain
Keywords

Depresión, Hostilidad, Postparto, Ciències de la Salut, 159.9

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green