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Plataformas de nanotubos de carbono para diferenciação celular

Authors: Sousa, Isabel Maria Ribeiro de Abreu e;

Plataformas de nanotubos de carbono para diferenciação celular

Abstract

Os nanotubos de carbono (CNTs) têm sido alvo de recentes estudos no que respeita à sua capacidade para promover a diferenciação de várias linhagens celulares. A ideia é motivada pelas características únicas dos CNTs que imitam as características físicas e químicas da matriz extracelular natural. Os CNTs mostram também potencial para serem usados como mediadores da estimulação elétrica de células estaminais. Esta estimulação foi referida como indutora da diferenciação neuronal e do crescimento de neurites. No entanto, não existem estudos que demonstrem a utilização de nanotubos de carbono como mediadores da diferenciação de células estaminais pluripotentes induzidas (iPSCs). O objetivo deste trabalho é, precisamente, a produção de substratos compósitos condutores de polidimetilsiloxano/nanotubos de carbono (PDMS/CNTs) para a modulação da diferenciação de células estaminais pluripotentes induzidas em células neuronais através de estímulos elétricos. Florestas de nanotubos de carbono verticalmente alinhados (VA-CNTs), com 0,5 a 1,5 mm de altura, foram crescidas por deposição química em fase vapor num reator de paredes quentes (TCVD) em substratos de Si/SiO2/Al2O3/Fe e posteriormente submetidas a tratamento térmico com objetivo de eliminar o carbono amorfo mostrando-se o tratamento de 30 minutos o mais eficaz. Para a produção dos compósitos PDMS/CNTs, nanotubos de carbono de parede multipla (MWCNTs) comerciais (c-MWCNTs) foram purificados termicamente (p-MWCNTs) e funcionalizados com grupos carboxilos através de dois tratamentos, um com HNO3 (pf1-MWCNTs) e outro com uma solução de HNO3 e H2SO4 (pf2-MWCNTs). Os pf1-MWCNTs apresentaram menos defeitos estruturais e maior estabilidade térmica. A resistividade elétrica dos compósitos foi medida e a condutividade elétrica calculada. De modo a alcançar um compromisso entre biosegurança e a condutividade a opção escolhida para a fabricação das plataformas para estimulação elétrica de iPSCs foi o PDMS/pf1-MWCNTs. Plataformas de PDMS foram produzidas e revestidas com filme adesivo de PDMS por spin-coating. Uma floresta de VA-CNTs foi transferida para o substrato de PDMS e o filme curado. Através de um equipamento de rolamento mecânico construído para este propósito, os VA-CNTs presos no substrato de PDMS foram transformados em CNTs horizontalmente alinhados (HA-CNTs), sendo esta a forma final de apresentação das plataformas compósitas PDMS/CNTs. Como trabalho futuro, estas plataformas serão testadas para se proceder à estimulação elétrica de células mediada pelos compósitos PDMS/MWCNTs e pelas florestas de HA-CNTs.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been subject of recent studies with regard to their ability to promote differentiation of several cells lines. The idea is motivated by unique features of CNTs that mimic the physical and chemical characteristics of natural extracellular matrix. CNTs also show potential to be used as mediators in electrical stimulation of stem cells. This stimulation has been reported to induce neural differentiation and neurite outgrowth. However, there are no studies showing the use of carbon nanotubes as mediators of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from the umbilical cord. The aim of this work is the production of conductive polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/CNTs composite substrates for the modulation of the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells into neuronal cells, using electrical stimuli. Forests of VA-CNTs, with height between 0,5 to 1,5 mm, were successfully grown by thermal CVD on Si/Al2O3/Fe wafers and they were subject to a thermal treatment with the aim of eliminate amorphous carbon impurities. The 30 minutes thermal treatment was the most efficient in that purpose. Comercial multi walled CNTs (c-MWCNTs) were purified by thermal treatment (p-MWCNTs) and funcionalized with carboxyl groups by a chemical treatment with HNO3 (pf1-MWCNTs) and another one with a HNO3 and H2SO4 solution (pf2-MWCNTs) to produce PDMS/MWCNTs composites. The pf1-MWCNTs presented fewer structural defects and increased thermal stability. The electrical resistivity of the composites was measured for estimaty the electrical conductivity. In order to reach a compromise between biosecurity and conductivity of platforms for manufacturing to electrical stimulation of iPSCs the best choice was PDMS/pf1-MWCNTs composites. PDMS platforms were produced and coated with an adhesive PDMS film by spin-coating. A piece of VA-CNTS on a Si substrate was transferred to the surface of the PDMS film wich was cured. Afterwards, the VACNT forest was transformed in horizontally aligned CNTs (HA-CNTs) by mechanical rolling using a home-built bench top apparatus, leading to the final PDMS/CNTs composite templates. As future work, these platforms will be tested to make cell electrical stimulation mediated by PDMS / MWCNTs composite and forests of HA-CNTs.

Mestrado em Materiais e Dispositivos Biomédicos

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Diferenciação celular, Ciência dos materiais, Materiais compósitos, Condutividade eléctrica, Nanotubos de carbono

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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