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Porfirinas expandidas - avaliação da eficiência em aPDT

Authors: Fernandes, Sara Raquel Gomes;

Porfirinas expandidas - avaliação da eficiência em aPDT

Abstract

Ao longo das últimas décadas, a terapia fotodinâmica (PDT) tem sido adotada para o tratamento de doenças oncológicas e não oncológicas. A terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana (aPDT) é uma abordagem não antibiótica para inativar microrganismos que envolve a interação de três elementos principais – um fotossensibilizador (PS), luz visível e oxigénio – da qual resulta a produção de espécies reativas de oxigénio que causam danos celulares letais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de novas porfirinas expandidas, a Hexa-SPy+-Me (mistura das formas catiónicas oxidada e reduzida de hexaiodeto 5,10,15,20,25,30-hexaquis[2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(N-metilpiridínio-4-ilsulfanil)fenil][26]hexafirina e hexaiodeto 5,10,15,20,25,30-hexaquis[2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(N-metilpiridínio-4-ilsulfanil)fenil][28]hexafirina), a 5,10,15,20,25,30-hexaquis[2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(4-piridilsulfanil)fenil][26]hexafirina e a 5,10,15,20,25,30-hexaquis[2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(4-piridilsulfanil)fenil][28]hexafirina como fotossensibilizadores na inativação da bactéria Gram-negativa, Escherichia coli ATCC 13706, e Gram-positiva, Staphylococcus sp.. De forma a avaliar expeditamente o potencial dos novos compostos, foram realizados ensaios preliminares com uma estirpe recombinante de Escherichia coli bioluminescente. Para comparação, foram realizadas, paralelamente, experiências com dois PS catiónicos de referência: a tetraiodeto de 5,10,15,20-tetraquis(N-metilpiridínio-4-il)porfirina e a tetraiodeto de 5,10,15,20-tetraquis[2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(N-metilpiridínio-4-ilsulfanil)fenil]porfirina. Nos ensaios de fotoinativação foi testada a irradiação com luz branca e luz vermelha, com a intensidade de 150 mW.cm-2. Os novos compostos foram também caracterizados quanto à sua fotoestabilidade, produção de oxigénio singleto e solubilidade em água. Os resultados mostram que as hexafirinas testadas não revelam potencial para aplicação como fotossensibilizadores em aPDT, uma vez que não causaram inativação de Escherichia coli ou Staphylococcus sp.. No entanto, provocaram o decaimento do difenilisobenzofurano usado para avaliar a produção de oxigénio singleto. A ausência de efeito fotodinâmico sobre os microrganismos testados pode estar relacionada com a baixa solubilidade dos compostos em água, com consequente agregação, ou com a reduzida afinidade para o material celular. Estes compostos não revelam potencial para aplicação imediata em aPDT, podendo, no entanto, ser perspetivadas outras aplicações, nomeadamente, como agentes de contraste ou marcadores para métodos imagiológicos de diagnóstico.

Over the last decades, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been adopted for the treatment of oncological and infectious diseases. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a non-antibiotic approach to inactivate microorganisms and involves an interaction between three main elements – a photosensitizers (PS), oxygen and visible light - which results in the production of reactive oxygen species that cause lethal cellular damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of new expanded porphyrins, Hexa-SPy+-Me (mixture of the cationic oxidized and reduced forms of 10,15,20,25,30-hexakis[2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(N-methylpyridinium-4-ylsulfanyl)phenyl][26]hexaphyrin hexa-iodide and 10,15,20,25,30-hexakis[2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(N-methylpyridinium-4-ylsulfanyl)phenyl][28]hexaphyrin hexa-iodide), 5,10,15,20,25,30-hexakis[2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(4-pyridylsulfanyl)phenyl][26]hexaphyrin and 5,10,15,20,25,30-hexakis[2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(4-pyridylsulfanyl)phenyl][28]hexaphyrin, as PS for the inactivation of the Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli ATCC 13706, and the Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus sp.. Preliminarily screening assays were conducted with a recombinant strain of bioluminescente Escherichia coli. In parallel, inactivation experiments and conducted with two reference photosensitizers, the porphyrins 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin tetra-iodide and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis[2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(N-methylpyridinium-4-ylsulfanyl)phenyl] porphyrin tetra-iodide. Photoinactivation experiments were conducted with either white or red light, with 150 mW.cm-2 intensity. The photophysical and photochemical characterization of the new molecules involved the assessment of photostability, singlet oxygen generation and water solubility. The results indicate that the tested hexaphyrins are not of immediate interest for use as photosensitizers in aPDT, since inactivation of neither Escherichia coli nor Staphylococcus sp. was observed. However, qualitative assays reveal that these are efficient singlet oxygen generators. The lack of antimicrobial effect is most likely related to the low water solubility of the tested compounds, with consequent aggregation in aqueous media, or to the low affinity to cellular material. Other biomedical applications, such as contrasting agents or markers for diagnostic imaging may be explored.

Mestrado em Biologia Aplicada

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Porfirinas - Propriedades, Terapia fotodinâmica, Microbiologia, Agentes antibacterianos

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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