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Optimização da detecção de Pneumocystis jirovecii por citometria de fluxo

Authors: Bragada, Cláudia Sofia Pássaro;

Optimização da detecção de Pneumocystis jirovecii por citometria de fluxo

Abstract

A pneumonia por Pneumocystis (PCP) em humanos é causada por um fungo actualmente denominado Pneumocystis jirovecii, anteriormente conhecido como Pneumocystis carinii. Trata-se da infecção pulmonar oportunista mais prevalente em doentes imunodeprimidos infectados com o vírus da imunodeficiência adquirida, com patologias hematológicas de natureza oncológica, doenças inflamatórias, deficiências primárias da imunidade celular ou sob terapêuticas imunossupressoras (como transplantados de órgãos sólidos). A PCP permanece uma causa significativa de mortalidade e morbidade em casos de acesso limitado a cuidados de saúde ou a dispendiosos e específicos tratamentos anti-retrovirais ou quimioterápicos. Este trabalho teve como principal objectivo a optimização de um protocolo que permitisse detectar este agente pela tecnologia de citometria de fluxo, verificar a sua aplicabilidade em amostras clínicas comparativamente com a análise do esfregaço da amostra corada por imunofluorescência, e ainda avaliar a viabilidade destes microrganismos nas amostras. Após a optimização das condições experimentais, nomeadamente o tratamento das amostras com um agente mucolítico e filtração, determinação da concentração ideal de marcador fluorescente específico, protocolo de leitura e especificidade da marcação foram analisadas 420 amostras do tracto respiratório e estudada a viabilidade do Pneumocystis jirovecii nas mesmas. Todos os casos positivos na microscopia foram positivos por citometria; obtivemos contudo 8 resultados discrepantes, positivos por citometria mas negativos pela análise microscópica que responderam com sucesso à terapêutica dirigida. Quanto à viabilidade e porque as amostras se encontravam congeladas, todas se mostraram inviáveis. A citometria de fluxo mostrou ser uma excelente técnica para a detecção e avaliação da viabilidade do Pneumocystis jirovecii, pelo que a sua utilização na rotina laboratorial deve ser considerada. ABSTRACT: Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in humans is caused by a fungus designated Pneumocystis jirovecii, previous known as Pneumocystis carinii. It´s the most prevalent lung oportunistic infection in immune depressed patients with hematological cancer, human immunodeficiency virus infection, chronic inflammatory disease, cellular immunity primary deficiencies or in patients under immunosuppressant therapies. PCP remains a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in cases of limited access to health care or to expensive chemotherapy or antiretroviral treatment. The purpose of the current investigation was to develop a protocol to detect Pneumocystis jirovecii by flow cytometry, to compare it with immunofluorescence technique used in routine and, evaluate the viability of this pathogen agent in clinical samples. After optimization of experimental conditions, namely processing clinical samples with a mucolytic agent and filtration, assessement of the ideal specific fluorescent marker concentration, adjustments of the reading protocol and testing the marker´s specifity, 420 respiratory samples were analyzed and the viability of Pneumocystis jirovecii evaluated. All positive microscopy cases were positive by flow cytometry; eight results were positive on flow cytometry but negative on microscopic analyses, which we considered true positive cases, attending to clinical signs and therapeutic response. Concerning viability all microorganisms were unviable because they were frozen. Flow cytometry is an excellent tool to detect and to evaluate the viability of Pneumocystis jirovecii and should be considered in daily routine practice.

Mestrado em Microbiologia Molecular

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Microbiologia, Pneumonia, Citometria de fluxo

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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