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Biossíntese de celulose bacteriana a partir de resíduos industriais

Authors: Gomes, Fábio Pedro Almeida;

Biossíntese de celulose bacteriana a partir de resíduos industriais

Abstract

Bacterial Cellulose (BC) is a biopolymer that bears unique mechanical and structural properties resulting in many applications in different areas. This biopolymer can be produced by many bacteria specially those belonging to the Gluconacetobacter genus. However, due to the high cost of the culture medium, production of BC has low economic viability at industrial level. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the possibility of utilization of different residues from the food industry to produce BC by Gluconacetobacter sacchari in order to decrease the production costs and, consequently, the final cost of the product. A residue from the olive oil production industry and spent coffee grounds were evaluated as possible sources of substrate for BC production. Each residue was submitted to two aqueous extractions at 40 and 100 ºC and a hydrolysis step with H2SO4 1M in order to obtain a substrate rich in sugars. The highest amounts of BC produced were obtained with the olive oil residue extract obtained at 40 ºC, 0.81 g/L, and at 100 ºC, 1.12 g/L without addiction of any type of nutrients after 96 hours of operation. In order to enhance the production of BC, the residues were supplemented with nitrogen and phosphate sources to overcome possible nutritional limitations, using a experimental design. It was verified that the addiction of the nutrients was beneficial to the production, reaching values between 1 and 1.6 g/L. Despite the improvement on the amount of BC produced, different combinations of the concentrations supplied to the microorganisms did not influence significantly the production. Samples of BC obtained on the different trials performed were characterized by FTIR and SEM. These techniques confirmed that the membranes had a cellulose type I structure as well as the tridimensional network of BC.

A celulose bacteriana (CB) é um biopolímero que devido às suas propriedades estruturais e mecânicas tem uma vasta gama de aplicações em diferentes áreas. Este biopolímero pode ser produzido por algumas bactérias, nomeadamente as pertencentes ao género Gluconacetobacter. No entanto, devido ao custo do meio de cultura a produção de CB a nível industrial tem pouca viabilidade económica. O trabalho realizado teve como objectivo a utilização de diferentes resíduos da Industria Agro-Alimentar para a produção de CB utilizando a bactéria Gluconacetobacter sacchari de modo a baixar os custos de produção e, consequentemente, o preço final do produto. Foram utilizados resíduos provenientes da indústria portuguesa, nomeadamente da produção de azeite e a borra de café. Cada resíduo foi submetido a duas extracções aquosas a 40 e 100ºC e uma hidrólise com H2SO4 1M a 100ºC de modo a obter substratos ricos em açúcares. A maior produção de CB foi obtida com o resíduo da produção de azeite após extracção a 40ºC, 0.81 g/L e após extracção 100ºC, 1.12 g/L, sem qualquer adição de nutrientes após 96h de cultura. De modo a optimizar a produção, realizaram-se testes com os extractos dos resíduos referidos que foram suplementados com fontes de azoto e fósforo de modo a ultrapassar eventuais limitações nutricionais, utilizando um planeamento experimental. Verificou-se que a adição das referidas fontes é benéfico para a produção atingindo valores entre 1g/L e 1.6 g/L. De qualquer modo apesar de uma melhoria na produção de CB as diferentes concentrações fornecidas aos microrganismos não são muito relevantes na produção. As amostras de CB obtidas nos diferentes ensaios foram caracterizadas por FTIR e SEM, verificando-se que se trata de celulose tipo I, bem como se confirma a estrutura tridimensional da CB.

Biotecnologia Alimentar

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Resíduos industriais, Biotecnologia alimentar, Biopolímeros, Borras de café, Azeite

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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