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Teoria dos jogos e gestão estratégica

Authors: Silva, Carina Sofia Oliveira da;

Teoria dos jogos e gestão estratégica

Abstract

Num ambiente tão competitivo e complexo como o actual, torna-se extremamente importante para uma empresa ter uma estratégia competitiva definida para sobreviver no mercado. Este trabalho considera que a teoria dos jogos pode fornecer uma ferramenta muito importante para a escolha de uma estratégia pela necessidade de relacionamento entre os diversos gestores. A teoria dos jogos tem sido utilizada de uma forma crescente pelos académicos como uma ferramenta apropriada quando se estuda interacções estratégicas entre agentes com metas diferentes, isto é, precisamente, o que caracteriza muitas questões de interesse na gestão estratégica. São apresentadas algumas contribuições para o desenvolvimento desta teoria. Identificam-se vários tipos de jogos utilizados nos trabalhos de investigação de diversos autores e as suas conclusões. Constata-se que existem cenários de competição e cooperação devido ao aumento da competitividade associada ao processo de globalização fez-se uma pesquisa das estratégias adoptadas pelas principais empresas do mercado das cervejas português, para desencorajar a entrada no mercado por potenciais concorrentes. Observa-se que estas empresas apresentam um padrão de competição por diferenciação de produtos, que se enquadra, em teoria dos jogos, nas estratégias de prevenção à entrada, e, que lhes confere vantagens competitivas. Esta diferenciação de produtos revela comportamento estratégico como forma de impedir a entrada ou roubar quota de mercado. Constata-se que não houve grandes alterações no número de empresas fruto desta estratégia. A teoria dos jogos ajuda o gestor a criar um esquema mental para analisar interacções estratégicas. Se o gestor entender o perfil do concorrente e as suas motivações, ou seja, se conhecer a teoria dos jogos e os seus conceitos, terá mais “insights” para estruturar o raciocínio e, assim, prever respostas mais adequadas. ABSTRACT: Considering today’s competitive and complex environment, it is extremely important that all businesses have a well-defined competitive strategy to survive in the market. This work considers that the game theory can be a very important tool in the choice of a strategy, because of the need of establishing relationships among the managers. The game theory has been more and more used by academics as an appropriate tool, concerning the study of strategic interactions among agents with different goals, which is precisely what characterizes many of the important issues in strategic management. Here some more contributions to the development of this theory are put forward. Various types of games used in different authors’ researches and their conclusions are identified. There are competition and cooperation settings. Due to the increase of competitiveness associated to the process of globalization a research of the strategies adopted by the main businesses in the Portuguese beer was conducted, in order to prevent the entry of potential competitors. These businesses present a competition pattern based on the differentiation of products, which according to the game theory is in the preventing entry strategies, giving them competitive advantages. This differentiation of products shows a strategic behaviour as a way of preventing entry or stealing of market shares. There haven’t been major changes in the number of businesses as a consequence of this strategy. The game theory helps the manager in the process of creating a mental scheme to analyse the strategic interactions. If the manager understands the competitor’s profile and its concepts, in other words, if he knows the game theory and its concepts, he will have more insights to structure his thoughts and therefore anticipate more appropriate answers.

Mestrado em Contabilidade - Auditoria

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Gestão estratégica, Teoria dos jogos

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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Average
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