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Influência do par iónico na partição de fluoroquinolonas

Authors: Caço, Ana Isabel da Graça Barranqueiro;

Influência do par iónico na partição de fluoroquinolonas

Abstract

As fluoroquinolonas são uma classe importante de agentes antimicrobianos sintéticos com elevado potencial terapêutico. Estes fármacos apresentam um vasto espectro de actividade que abrange microorganismos gram-negativos, gram-positivos, aeróbios e anaeróbios. As suas propriedades fármacocinéticas permitem boa distribuição ao nível dos tecidos e plasma, estabilidade química e biológica e baixa incidência de efeitos secundários. A actividade antibacteriana destes compostos é fortemente dependente do pH e da sua lipofilicidade. Assim, para melhor se compreender a estrutura/actividade destes compostos é importante conhecer as propriedades ácido-base, o respectivo equilíbrio de protonação e a sua lipofilicidade. Com este trabalho pretende-se estudar a influência da formação de pares iónicos na lipofilicidade de duas fluoroquinolonas, a moxifloxacina e a sarafloxacina. Para tal efeito, as constantes de ionização foram determinadas por um método baseado em espectrofotometria de absorção molecular uvvisível e os perfis de distribuição de microespécies foram estabelecidos para cada fluoroquinolona, em função do pH. A lipofilicidade destes compostos foi quantificada recorrendo aos coeficientes de partição, aparente e verdadeiro, de cada princípio activo num sistema 1-octanol/solução aquosa. Verificou-se que para as fluoroquinolonas, tal como para outros compostos anfotéricos, o coeficiente de partição aparente é máximo na zona de pH próxima do ponto isoeléctrico de cada composto. Aplicando o conceito de par iónico determinouse o coeficiente de partição aparente de cada fluoroquinolona, em função do pH na presença de vários contra-iões orgânicos, nomeadamente o ião acetato, mesilato, deoxicolato e hidrogenomaleato. Dos resultados obtidos conclui-se que é possível manipular a lipofilicidade destes fármacos, no sentido de melhorar a sua afinidade com meios orgânicos, como os que constituem as membranas celulares, numa vasta gama de pH. ABSTRACT: Fluoroquinolones are an important class of synthetic antibacterial agents with an enormous therapeutic potential. These antibacterial agents have a broad spectrum of activity that includes gram-negative, gram-positive, aerobic and anaerobic bacteria species. Their pharmacokinetic properties allow high tissue and plasma distribution, chemical and biological stability and a relatively low incidence of side effects. The antibacterial activity of these compounds depends on the pH of the medium and also of its lipophilicity. Thus, to better understand the structure/activity relationship of these compounds it is important to know the acid-base properties, the protonation equilibrium and lipophilicity. The main objective of this work is to improve the lipophilicity of two fluoroquinolones, moxifloxacine and sarafloxacine using the ion-pair effect. The ionization constants were determined by a spectrophotometric method and the distribution profiles of the microspecies were established for each fluoroquinolone, as a function of pH. The lipophilicity was quantified in the form of the apparent and true partition coefficient of each active principle in 1- octanol/water. For fluoroquinolones, as for other amphoteric compounds, the apparent partition coefficient is maximum around isoelectric point of each compound. Using the ion-pair concept, the apparent partition coefficient as a pH function, was determined in the presence of several organic counter ions, namely: acetate ion, mesylate ion, deoxycholate ion and hydrogenomaleate. The results indicate the possibility of manipulating the lipophilicity of these active pharmaceutical ingredients, in order to enhanced their affinity towards organic media like cellular membranes, in a wide pH range.

Mestrado em Engenharia Química

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Microorganismos, Química molecular, Agentes anti-infecciosos

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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