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Zalerion maritimum and Nia vibrissa potential for expanded polystyrene (EPS) biodegradation

Authors: Jacinto, Jéssica Beatriz Anastácio;

Zalerion maritimum and Nia vibrissa potential for expanded polystyrene (EPS) biodegradation

Abstract

A baixa densidade e durabilidade do poliestireno expandido (EPS) colocam-no entre os plásticos mais versáteis e com maior quota de mercado. Estas mesmas propriedades levantam preocupações ambientais, uma vez que o tornam facilmente transportável até aos oceanos, onde é suscetível à fragmentação, originando microplásticos. Apesar de existirem soluções convencionais para a reciclagem deste plástico, apresentam limitações, sendo necessária a procura de métodos alternativos eficientes e mais sustentáveis. Soluções biotecnológicas têm sido investigadas. No presente trabalho, o potencial de biodegradação do EPS pelos fungos marítimos Zalerion maritimum e Nia vibrissa foi avaliado através da quantificação de variações de massa apresentadas pelas amostras de partículas de plástico e biomassa de fungo usadas, durante ensaios de exposição ao plástico. Na avaliação preliminar, em 28 dias, a melhor % de remoção atingida pelo fungo Z. maritimum foi de 66.2%, sendo a mais baixa de 25.0%. Num segundo ensaio, as percentagens de remoção apresentaram-se inferiores. Assim, num seguinte ensaio de otimização, utilizando o modelo Central composto (CCD), pretendeu-se maximizar a resposta e avaliar a influência das variáveis – concentração de EPS, tamanho das partículas e concentração de extrato de malte, na resposta -percentagem de remoção de microplásticos. Obtiveram-se, respetivamente, os seguintes valores ótimos - 0.1458 g/L, 1-1.40mm e 20 g/L. Apesar de apresentar potencial para a biodegradação do EPS, o processo com o fungo Z. maritimum mostrou-se variável e exigindo elevadas quantidades de malte. Consequentemente, o fungo N. vibrissa foi também avaliado, sendo que, num primeiro ensaio, atingiu percentagens superiores de remoção de microplásticos. Um novo ensaio foi realizado com este fungo em meio otimizado, tendo-se obtido como melhor percentagem de remoção 47±16%.

Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is among the most demanded plastic commodities due to its attractive properties of lightness and durability. Such desirable characteristics present, however, an environmental threat, as it is easily transported until it reaches the ocean, where it is likely to be fragmented into microplastics. Despite the efforts for EPS waste management, sustainable and efficient solutions are needed. Biotechnology-based solutions have been investigated for their potential. Herein, Zalerion maritimum and Nia vibrissa were screened for their potential in the biodegradation of EPS, based on the quantified mass differences in both the fungus and the microplastic pellets. In a preliminary evaluation, the highest removal percentage obtained by Z. maritimum, in 28 days, was 66% and the lowest was 25%. In a second assay, the removal percentages were lower. An optimization assay, using Central composite design (CCD), was conducted to obtain optimum values for EPS concentration, pellet dimension and malt extract concentration. These were, respectively, 0.1458 g/L, 1-1.40mm and 20 g/L. Although Z. maritimum showed ability to degrade EPS, the process appeared to be variable and required high amounts of malt extract. Therefore, N. vibrissa was screened for its potential also. In a preliminary assay, N. vibrissa achieved higher microplastic removal percentages. Consequently, a biodegradation assay in optimized medium was conducted. However, the best removal percentage obtained was of 47±16%.

CESAM (UID/AMB/50017); IF/00407/2013/CP1162/CT0023; POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028740; SFRH/BPD/122538/2016

Mestrado em Biotecnologia

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Expanded polystyrene (EPS), Nia vibrissa, Microplastics, Zalerion maritimum, Biodegradation

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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