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Servo-system for controlled postural balance disruption

Authors: Valente, João Filipe Torres;

Servo-system for controlled postural balance disruption

Abstract

O estudo do equilíbrio postural é uma preocupação que se aplica igualmente a seres humanos e robôs com pernas. Em relação a Humanos este problema foca-se na deteção de patologias, avaliação da capacidade de manter o equilíbrio e recolher dados acerca da forma como o equilíbrio é mantido. Por outro lado, o estudo da postura de um robô tem como objetivo avaliar e melhorar o seu controlo. Dada a necessidade de testar o equilíbrio do Projeto Humanóide da Universidade de Aveiro - PHUA, surgiu a ideia de criar um sistema de distúrbio do equilíbrio. A ideia é o sistema perturbar o equilíbrio utilizando forças de tração que poderão ser aplicadas em todas as direções do plano horizontal. Como primeira abordagem, o conceito é testado num pêndulo assistido por elásticos, com o objetivo de perceber qual a melhor forma de controlar o sistema e encontrar possíveis problemas para o seu controlo. Numa primeira fase, é desenhado um controlador para criar um estado de balanço em que as forças são iguais fazendo com que o pêndulo fique imóvel. Numa segunda fase, depois de atingir o estado descrito anteriormente, o pêndulo é brevemente puxado num sentido e são medidas as forças e o ângulo do pêndulo para se analisarem os efeitos do estímulo. Desta maneira, várias formas de aplicar estímulos são testadas assim como diferentes estímulos. Percebeu-se que: é possível aplicar estímulos repetíveis com este conceito; o facto de o sistema ser acoplado e não-linear causa dificuldades para o controlo, sendo necessário adoptar novas estratégias. Esta dissertação vai servir como suporte para o trabalho futuro, (que será construir o sistema à escala do PHUA) oferecendo um conjunto de informações e guias.

Postural balance is a concern that applies to both humans and bipedal robots. For Humans, this issue is focused on detecting some pathologies, evaluating individual balance capability, and gather data on how equilibrium is maintained. On the other hand the robot’s postural study aims to evaluate the machine’s control and help tune it. Given the need to test the equilibrium of University of Aveiro Humanoid Project - PHUA, the idea of creating a balance disruption system came up. The idea is that the system disrupts the balance using pull forces that can be applied in every direction of the horizontal plane. As a first approach, the concept is tested on a pendulum assisted by elastics, with the objective of understanding which is the best way to control the system and find possible problems to its control. On an initial phase, a controller is designed to create a state of balance where the pull forces are equal making the pendulum stand still. On a second phase, after achieving the state of balance described previously, the pendulum is briefly pulled in a direction and tensile forces and the pendulum’s angle are measured, with the purpose of analysing the effects of the stimulus. This way, different manners of applying stimuli and different types of stimuli are tested. It was realised that: it is possible to apply repeatable stimuli with this concept; the fact that the system is coupled and non-linear brings obstacles to its control, being necessary to adopt new control strategies. This dissertation will serve as a support for future work, (which is building the system at PHUA scale) offering a set of informations and guidelines.

Mestrado em Engenharia Mecânica

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Postura, Engenharia mecânica, Equilíbrio, Pêndulo invertido, Controlo, Servomecanismos, Estimulos

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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Average
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